Types of patterns of decorative plaster. Graphite - decorative plaster. The main varieties of decorative plaster

Decorative plaster of walls, its kinds, advantages, preparatory stage and technology of drawing of a covering, a sequence of works and coloring of a material.

The content of the article:

Decorative plastering of walls is one of the most refined ways of decoration of facades and interior decoration of premises. It allows you to simulate the skin, natural stone, paper and other materials. In this case, the coatings always look original and exclusive, because even with a great desire to repeat the relief applied it is impossible. Despite the many finishing materials available in the modern market, decorative plaster is not only not inferior to its positions, but it is gaining immense popularity due to its properties.

The main varieties of decorative plaster

Usually decorative plaster comes to the market in the form of dry ready-mixes, which contain astringent synthetic components, fillers consisting of stone crumbs, sand, fibers, and useful additives - dyes, thickeners, antiseptics, which impart additional properties to the material. The grain size of the fillers varies from 0.5 mm to 5 mm in diameter and affects the degree of relief, the finished appearance of the coating and the consumption of the material.

Decorative plaster is classified by many indicators. Its conditional division implies an interior and facade variant. Coatings made of facade plaster have high frost resistance, moisture resistance, do not burn out in the sun and for a long time retain their attractive appearance.

Interior plasters are designed for internal work and are divided according to the chemical composition of the basis for mineral, acrylic, silicate and silicone materials:

Mineral. To such plasters the fungus is not terrible, they exclude its occurrence and distribution on the surface of the walls. The material is not afraid of dampness, has a variety of shades, but not elastic enough. When exterior finish this cause can cause cracks on the facade surface.
Acrylic. They are used quite often, they are durable and have good elasticity. Among the shortcomings, it is possible to note the marked surface of the applied coating and its high price.
Silicate. The coating made on the basis of this material is longevous, it is elastic, does not need much care and is easily cleaned. Its high price is often justified.
Silicone. Of all kinds of decorative plasters, this is the most durable, reliable and durable material. High cost is its only drawback.

Depending on the type of surface obtained as a result of the application to the walls, decorative plasters are classified as follows:

Structural Coating. It consists of several materials that differ in stability and properties: quartz, small pebbles, fibers or mica. A striking example of such a coating is the "bark beetle" structure. The coating can be made on a lime-cement or synthetic basis, it is easily applied and sufficiently plastic.
Mineral coating. Includes lime, marble granules, mineral components and cement. Such a composition imparts thermal insulation properties to the coating. The modifiers entering into it, in contact with lime, make it resistant to moisture. Mineral coating is used for indoor and outdoor works. The main advantage of plaster is its low consumption.
Stone plaster. Contains quartz or marble chips in its composition. Its particles are large enough, so the coating creates a game of light on the surface. Stone plaster is ideal for outdoor works, after polymerization it acquires moisture resistance.
Venetian plaster. It has been known since the Middle Ages. Most often, the composition of the mixture includes milled marble, the dust of which creates on the surface the illusion of finishing with a natural mineral. As binders, natural and synthetic substances are used. Venetian plaster refers to elite coatings, requires careful preparation of the surface, is applied in a thin layer and is used exclusively for finishing interior walls or ceilings.

Advantages of decorative plasters

The use of decorative plaster when decorating walls has a number of advantages:

The external characteristics are magnificent and manifest in the material with its rich range of colors, different texture, allow creating embossed patterns and patterns on the coverings.
Water resistance. Due to its dense structure, the decorative coating counteracts the penetration of moisture into the enclosing structures, thereby protecting their thermal insulation layer.
The plaster is not corroded, it is frost-resistant and can be used for coatings operating under different temperature conditions.
The cost. It is almost the most important weapon in the fight against the numerous competitors present in the market. Considering the price of the material, to perform decorative plastering of the walls with their own hands became a massively available opportunity.
The material is easy to apply. Its application does not require special skills or complex equipment. It is quite enough simple tools and even improvised means.
The use of coarse-grained decorative plaster reduces the time of preparation of the wall surface, since careful alignment and plastering are not required in this case.
After the polymerization of the applied material, the walls have a finished appearance and a strong, durable coating.
Appearance of the walls decorated with plaster can be changed in a matter of hours: it is only necessary to paint them in the color you like. The relief of the coating will be preserved, but its effectivity will only increase.

Preliminary work before decorative wall plastering

Before working with decorative plaster, preparing walls is a priority. This work is simple, but requires patience. The surface must be cleaned of paint, chalk coating, exfoliated plaster or old wallpaper. All these procedures should be carried out very carefully so that in a couple of years you do not have to do repairs again.

If there are cracks on the walls, they should be cut and puttyed. Under certain types of coatings, for example, Venetian plaster, the walls need to be leveled to the ideal state. In other cases, such thoroughness is not required in the work, but there should not be excavations and bumps on the surface. After leveling the wall should be covered with a primer and wait until it dries.

When planning a combined finish, when one part of the wall is painted and the other is decorated with plaster, it is possible to separate the surfaces having different invoices with a paint tape or a self-adhesive tape, depending on the straightness of the separation lines.

Like any work, decorative wall plastering requires the tools necessary to get the result. Despite the different methods of applying the composition to the surface and the associated abundance of fixtures, the minimum set of tools is always the same - a trowel, a plastic float, a set of spatulas of different widths, rollers, dies, brushes and handy tools for patterning. In addition to tools, you will need a container for mixing the texture solution.

Having at hand these things, you can move on to choosing a plaster. If you are too lazy to experiment with its compounds, you can buy a ready mix. Decorative plaster can be made independently from the finishing plaster putty.

In addition, it will need PVA glue and clean water. All these components are mixed in such a proportion: glue PVA - 200 g, plaster putty - 6 kg, water - 2 liters or slightly more. Stirring should be thorough until a homogeneous mass is obtained. After that, the decorative plaster will be ready for use.

Technology of applying decorative plaster to the walls

The technology selected for decorative wall plastering is directly related to the type of coating desired. It can be very simple or rather difficult to perform, requiring a certain professional experience. This applies, for example, to Venetian plaster. It is applied in a special way layer by layer, and from above is covered with special wax. Each of the stages of working with this material requires strict adherence to rules and great accuracy.

Silicone materials also do not differ lightly in applying them to walls. Allowing to create relief and very beautiful images, they require the artist to have an artistic taste, clear movements worked out with experience and the greatest patience.

For self-performance, decorative plaster "bark beetle" is suitable. It is easy to apply and can help in creating a beautiful structural surface without any special effort. To work with this material you will need a grater, a spatula and the skill of working with these tools: it's impossible to spoil the "bark beetle".

The technology of work allows you to perform the relief in its various variants. The depth of its furrows is determined by the size of grains that make up the plaster. In this case, one should take into account the fact that a large texture of the material increases its consumption. But there is also a positive factor: there is no need to carefully level the walls, as the texture plaster "bark beetle" perfectly masks their small defects.

Decoration of walls with textured plaster is carried out in this order:

According to the instructions on the packaging material, you need to prepare a solution of a certain consistency. Its amount should be such that the mixture can be worked out immediately without doing breaks in the work, since when it solidifies it does not again divorce. In addition, the places of joints of a fresh and dried layer of plaster are always noticeable and look ugly.
The usual grater and spatula become universal tools in skilled hands. Before applying decorative plaster to the wall, in a small area of its surface, you must first train to distribute the composition with a thin layer. As soon as it gently thickens, it is easy to walk through the plaster on the plaster to create a pattern.
For beginners, there are several methods available to get a good decorative effect. It can be a wave, straight lines or oblique lines of "rain", different circles or crossed lines. A simple and interesting option is a horizontal relief. Movements during work should be gentle and confident without undue effort. It does not take a long time to make out a certain area: you can lose the desired effect of the surface.
The texture on the fresh mortar of plasters is also obtained with the help of improvised means: scourers, brushes, crumpled paper and others. An interesting effect is achieved even without devices, but with the help of their own hands. The use of a special roller to create a relief is the simplest method, which guarantees a decent result. The drawing should be carried out as quickly as possible, since the coating dries too short. Otherwise, you can get a non-uniform texture on the plaster. It is necessary to avoid sharp boundaries and layers in the areas to be joined.
After coating in 15-20 minutes, its surface begins to lose its shine when it dries. At this time, it is necessary to slightly reduce the protrusions of the relief by wet smoothing. Push it with great effort is not necessary to avoid deformation of the pattern. During this procedure, the tool should be periodically cleaned and abundantly moistened.
If you use an adhesive tape to separate sections of the wall with different textures, it should be removed before the surface dries, otherwise the lines of separation may not be clear due to the cleavage of the contours.
It takes about 24 hours to completely dry the decorative plaster. After its polymerization, it is necessary to treat the surface of the wall with fine emery paper for grinding and removing excess "hanging" particles of the material.

Painting the surface of walls

Since the walls, covered with decorative plaster, have a generally finished appearance, many on it and stop. However, not all. Fans of bright colors and willing to quickly update the interior often resort to painting the surfaces decorated with plaster.

For this purpose it is recommended to use high-quality sunlight-resistant paints. First of all, the textured part of the wall is painted to avoid the particles of dry plaster falling onto a smooth surface. A couple of hours, paint the rest of the wall. After the first layer has dried, the second layer must be applied. The decorative effect achieved at the same time is impressive, despite the extra efforts. The paint is applied by a roller with a short pile. The tool must be semi-dry when working. To highlight the pattern, you can use a paint of lighter tones.

Decorating the decorative plaster can be done by choosing it or during the preparation of the mixture. The store usually offers a huge range of various shades of decorative plaster. For the sample, you can apply a small amount of it to a piece of plywood and allow it to dry completely, since the shade of the sample will depend on its moisture content. If the color does not suit, you can choose another one. This method has obvious advantages: the tone is homogeneous, and if there is a shortage of material, you can easily order it with the right shade.

Having a desire, you can experiment with the color of the plaster yourself. There is nothing complicated in this: the pigment of the desired color is required to be gradually added to the mixture, it is good to mix it and it is necessary to do a trial application on any sample.

How to apply decorative plaster to walls - look at the video:

When performing these simple recommendations, you can easily perform decorative plastering of internal walls with your own hands, while achieving a good result. This finish looks great in any interior, but you should remember that you need to do it in one day. With some effort, you can create a cozy atmosphere in the house, and most importantly - forget about the repairs for years. Good luck!

Decorating walls with decorative plaster is work that is carried out on internal or external surfaces. They are aimed at giving the walls or ceiling a certain texture and color. Depending on the chosen composition, different techniques for applying this material are used. Only preparatory work remains unchanged.

To finish the walls with plaster, you need the following:

spatulas of different sizes;
graters and poluterki;
trowel;
capacity;
brushes, rollers and sponges;
drill with a nozzle-mixer;
stepladder or scaffolding;
polyethylene film, painting tape;
plaster mixture, wax, paint.

For the preparatory phase, the following tools and materials are needed:

abrasive paper, grinding machine;
rule;
level and plumb bob;
spatulas;
reinforcing mesh;
a deep penetration primer;
starting plaster, putty.

Preparatory stage

Finishing plaster requires an ideally prepared surface. To do this, you need to perform the following manipulations:

Completely remove the old coating or clean it from traces of paint, wallpaper and so on.
Align the walls with a starting plaster and reinforcing mesh or sheets of plasterboard.
Fix possible surface defects, such as potholes and cracks, with putty.
Remove the protruding fragments.
Check that the walls are level or plumb.
Apply a coat of primer twice to increase adhesion.

Wall finishing with structural plaster

With the help of this material, finishing work is carried out on external and internal surfaces. Decorating with decorative plaster does not require a lot of experience or qualification - the house master can easily cope with it. Difficulties can arise only when the mixture is applied to the ceiling.

Preparation of the solution

The modern construction market offers ready-made mixtures in plastic containers of various sizes or dry powders in bags that need to be diluted with water. If it is a question of saving the budget, it is better to buy powdered material and prepare decorative plaster with your own hands. For this purpose, you need an electric drill with a nozzle-mixer, water and a mixing tank.

Important! Most structural plasters dry very quickly, but you can not add water after cooking, so it is not recommended to make large kneads in order not to lose material.

The material consumption directly depends on the filler fraction:

Coarse-grained material - 2 kg per square meter.
Medium grained - 1,7 kg.
Fine-grained - 0,7 kg.

The first thing to do is to wash the dilution tank and pour in it as much water as the manufacturer indicated on the package. The temperature of the liquid should be about 20 degrees. Then, gradually add to the water solution, stirring it with a mixer.

After that, wait about 15 minutes and stir the plaster again. If the material is made on the basis of acrylic resins, then color is added to it, otherwise it is subject to subsequent painting. On this the preparation of decorative plaster with your own hands is over.

Features of application

Prepared the composition is typed on a spatula and put it on the wall, and then stretch the plaster over the surface. Surplus material is also removed with a spatula. During application, it is important to observe the thickness of the plaster layer, which should correspond to the material fraction, therefore it is not recommended to make it more than 3 mm. At the same time, too thin a layer can not completely close the walls, and after drying, a primer will appear on them.

As already mentioned above, this material dries instantly, therefore for work the limited time is taken away. To get uniform, you should apply it at a time. If the surface to be treated is too large, then it is necessary to divide it into sections with a paint tape. Then apply the plaster with overlapping, remove the tape, until the material is frozen, and in the same way treat the rest of the area.

The applied layer of plaster should not be thicker than the filler grain, which is a part of

Rubbing of plaster

This stage is considered the most responsible. From its correct conduct depends the appearance of the resulting surface and its performance. Work should be started immediately after the material is seized. Usually it takes 30 minutes. Check the readiness of the wall simply: just lean your palm to it, if it does not stick, you can start.

The procedure is carried out using a plastic trowel. To achieve different effects, different methods of grinding are used:

You should know! If for some reason you can not process the whole wall at a time, then you do not need to grind it exactly to the boundaries of the treated area. It is necessary to leave the edges of the plaster untouched, and after applying the entire layer, carefully dry the joints.

Staining

A day after the main works can begin to paint the wall. The first thing to do is to treat the whole surface with sandpaper to even out small defects. Then the wall is painted in a dark color and waiting until it dries. The next coat of paint should be 1-2 times lighter. The work is carried out with the usual paint roller, and the place of the joints of the wall with the floor and ceiling is treated with a brush. After drying of the second layer, it is recommended to apply a glossy varnish.

Wall finishing with textured plaster

First prepare the solution with the manufacturer's recommendations, then apply it to the surface with the help of spatulas. Such plasters dry out longer than structural plasters, so you can safely handle the entire wall. Surplus material is also removed with a spatula. After processing the entire area of the wall, you can start creating an invoice.

How to make the texture layer

Such a coating can be obtained using the following tools:

roller;
stencil-stamp;
trowel and spatula.

Using a roller is the easiest and fastest way. With this tool you can create a surface that resembles velor. To do this, it is necessary to pass through the entire surface of the wall with effort, while the movements should be directed in one direction. Then wait for the material to dry and remove the protruding fragments with a spatula blade.

If the application of decorative plaster with your own hands seems too complicated, you can purchase special stencils in relief shops with relief patterns in building stores. These products are simply pressed against fresh plaster, after which the relief remains on it. The main inconvenience is the need to constantly wash the stencil with water to remove the remains of the material from its surface.

On a note! During the purchase of all necessary, you need to purchase a few small stencils for the corners.

With the help of spatulas and trowels create patterns that resemble the texture of natural stone, suede or concrete. Work with them you need on the same principle as with all of the above tools. Brush, spatula or trowel is pressed to the surface and carried throughout its area. If the construction tool is not at hand, then you can use a regular sponge or even a cellophane bag. In general, everything that can leave a relief on the surface is suitable.

How to do coloring

Such decorative plaster for interior works does not require mandatory staining, but to emphasize the texture it is better to hold it. First, the surface is peeled with fine-grained emery paper, then the dust formed is removed. The first coat of paint is applied with a long-haired roller, and the second layer with a short-haired roller. The colors should be slightly different. They should be applied at intervals of 24 hours, with the plaster after drying the texture should dry for about 48 hours.

If there was no roller at hand, then the process of staining the décor plaster is as follows:

Open the jar with paint and pour it into a special container. It is completely dipped brush, for the entire length of the stubble. Then squeeze out the relief edge of the container to remove excess paint. If there is no special container, you can press the bristles of the brush against a piece of laminated cardboard.
Now you can start painting. Dyeing every detail is not necessary, you should apply a layer of sweeping motion, just touching the surface. Thus, the paint will not be used in the texture, but will only touch the protruding fragments.
Dry the first layer and apply a second, more light. In this case, the same procedure is used as for the first layer.
The last step is the application of lacquer. This material is first diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1, then applied with a wide clean brush. After a while (each varnish dries a certain time), you can apply a second layer. Approximately 1-2 days you can touch the plastered wall.

Some wizards use the blur method. It means applying only one layer of paint, which is then rubbed with a damp cloth. As a result, the texture remains saturated color, and the protruding parts are lighter.

Drawings and panels

Before working with decorative plaster, you need to immediately decide on the presence of additional design elements on the walls, for example, various drawings or panels. They are able to decorate and ennoble even the most ordinary interior, especially if they are combined with the correct illumination.

Which pictures can be used and where to place them

A win-win option is a separate wall, which is preliminarily trimmed with a stone or stucco around the perimeter. Also, these elements should be located between the windows, near interior doors or along the edges of the archway.

If it is a question of a children's room, then you can fantasize, as much as you like. Drawings can be addressed to the theme of your favorite fairy tale or a child's cartoon. For the children's room it is permissible to apply drawings for the area of all the walls.

As for bedrooms or living rooms, everything is much more complicated here. The first rule is that the drawing should not introduce disharmony into the interior. Drawings on walls are allowed only for classical design, baroque, Empire style, etc. It goes without saying that in modern or high-tech, drawings and panels will look superfluous.

The bas-relief on the wall is perfect solution to create a stylish and unique interior

The tone of the painted panel should either contrast with the tone of the neighboring wall, or differ from it by 2 tones. The combination of variegated and dark tones is unacceptable.

Application techniques

There are three main methods of decorating the surface, which require artistic taste. Therefore, it is better to trust professionals or get a master class on decorative plasters.

Working with the Stencil

This option for creating 3D pictures is the simplest. As a stencil, you can use fragments of plywood or gypsum board, previously cutting out patterns on them.

The application process is as follows:

Creating a bas-relief using construction tools

The method of relief graphics is also considered one of the most popular. It implies the use of plastic fine-grained plasters on the basis of synthetic binders, acrylic paints and colorless varnish. To carry out similar operations, brushes of different shapes and sizes, spatulas of various materials, sharpened wooden pegs will also be required.

The process is as follows:

After applying the finishing layer of the plaster, the master applies a relief pattern to the surface with the selected tool. The simplest example is the wave drawn by a paintbrush.
The composition is completed with a decorated relief frame, which is created with a sponge or a foam roller.
After the picture is completely dry, it is painted. There are also no clear recommendations - everything depends on imagination and talent.

Hand-molding

The latter method is considered the most difficult and without a profile education sculpture, most likely, nothing will come out. The purpose of this operation is to create a relief on the treated wall by means of manual modeling. Such panels can occupy only a part of the wall, and can also cover the whole area. After their drying, the surfaces are also treated with paint and varnish.

Decorative plaster with your own hands is applied quite simply, if you do not take into account the artistic aspects of the issue. The main thing - to adhere to the above advice and recommendations of manufacturers.

The main task of repairing the house is to create a comfortable, cozy and exclusive home. Thanks to modern materials, this can be done without the help of professionals. One of the best options is decorative plaster.

Application area:

for external finishing (façade mixes);
for interior decoration;
universal mixtures. Suitable for finishing residential and non-residential premises from the outside and inside.

Classification of decorative plasters by composition

mineral. It is a dry mix, created on the basis of cement, which is diluted with water and used for exterior finishing. Among other types of decorative plasters, mineral mixtures favorably differ in the ease of application and the ability to solve problems of additional insulation of the facade of the building. To impart water-repellent properties, polymer additives are added to the composition of the mixture. However, the service life of such material is low - 9-10 years, after which it becomes necessary to carry out renovation and restoration works.

acrylic. High elasticity of the material is achieved through the use of acrylic resins. The service life of this coating is 15-20 years. However, if basalt wool is used as a house warmer, acrylic plaster should not be used. The maximum manifestation of the properties of the mixture is possible when combined with a foam plastic insulating layer.

silicate. To date, this is the most optimal version of the finish, having a high level of strength, and rock service for about 20 years. The connecting component is a liquid potassium glass. This kind of plaster has a grooved or evenly rough structure. Specialists recommend applying silicate mixtures on surfaces containing lime.

silicone. The main dispersion is an aqueous dispersion of silicone resin. Taking into account the fact that in the production of silicone I use oil, silicon, salt, compositions based on them have all the advantages of mineral and polymer plasters and are among the best in the list of modern finishing materials. They are characterized by exceptionally high strength, water, dirt, dust repellent properties. The service life of the silicone mixture can reach 25 years, while the material does not absorb and does not accumulate harmful substances.

Decorative plasters also differ in the type of mineral filler, due to which the necessary surface relief is created. Quartz, granite or marble chips and mixtures on their basis can act as fillers. The granules can have a size of 0.5 mm to 5 mm. Also, plastering compositions differ in the way they are applied, on which it depends, whether the surface is smooth or embossed, matte or glossy. What plaster is better, it's up to you.

All compounds have a sufficient degree of vapor permeability - the ability to pass moisture and air in both directions. The lowest vapor permeability index of acrylic compounds, but they are the most resistant to weathering materials. The highest values for silicone and silicate mixtures.

Types of decorative plasters

textured (structural). For today it is the most widespread kind of finishing materials which is on sale in the form of a ready mix or a powder (it is dissolved by water). At the heart of the mixture are astringents, in the role of fillers are flax or cotton fibers, crumbs of natural or artificial materials, etc. Texture mixtures allow imitating masonry and wild stone, bas-relief with a textured or volumetric pattern, woody bark. The most extensive group of materials are relief coatings, applied using various techniques and materials (pastes, varnishes, paper, etc.). Such plaster not only gives the surfaces a special appeal, but also perfectly conceals irregularities and other wall defects.

smooth. With its help you can achieve the effect of silk drapery, light sea foam, ripples on the water, "pearl" shell, etc. Such an texture is achieved through the use of varnishes and paints, the play of light. To smooth plasters also include art painting and traditional monophonic wall decoration.
venetian. With its help, you can apply a coating that will successfully imitate marble and other stone textures. The composition is applied to the wall with spots of several layers. In this case, the surface acquires a shimmering, luminous surface. To enhance this effect, beeswax is added to the finish layer. Venetian plaster in the interiors executed in classical style is unsurpassed.

stone crumb. The composition of the mixture includes small pebbles, as well as adhesives and binders. Stone crumb can be of different colors and shades. The application of the composition is carried out evenly with a spatula. The most common varieties of stone crumb are marble, granite and quartz. They have an excellent appearance and are able to withstand the bad weather. Experts recommend the use of decorative plasters in the decoration of offices in large areas, but in cottages and houses they better decorate small areas or use to accent individual elements of the interior (arches, ledges, openings, niches, racks, etc.) And the stone crumb is most appropriate to use in non-residential premises (corridors, bathrooms, halls, etc.). In exterior decoration it can be used both for decorating the whole building and for accentuation of individual architectural elements.
flock coating. This is one of the latest achievements of our time. On the surface of the finish is applied in three layers: first a layer of glue, then colored flakes - flocks or chips, and then a varnish coating that performs a protective function. If desired, you can mix flocks of different colors.

The indisputable advantages of decorative plasters include:

The ability to apply on almost any external or internal surface of the building - concrete, brick, wood, metal, etc.
High resistance to mechanical influences.
Ability to hide surface defects.
High water resistance and resistance to corrosive media - can be washed with any detergent, except for solvent-based formulations;
Durability.
Affordable cost.

With the help of decorative plaster it is easy and simple to create expressive and unique patterns on the surface of walls. Admiring the spectacular facade, we can conclude that the fulfillment of such a task is only possible by specialists. However, it is not. The main role in creating original reliefs is played not by the skill of a specialist, but by the material used by them: decorative plaster.

Types of decorative plaster

It includes special substances: fillers. They help create a beautiful drawing. No special and expensive tools are required for this. But it is necessary to choose the right mixture and know the technology of its application.

What are decorative plasters?

The composition of decorative plaster mixtures differs from the composition of conventional plaster mixtures not only by the presence of filler. If the material is intended for facade (external) works, it includes additional components that provide increased resistance of the facing surface to moisture, temperature changes, ultraviolet.

Effects of the pattern, which can be obtained with the help of special techniques for applying decorative plaster:

There are three types of decorative plasters:

mineral;
textured;
structural.

All of them have their own peculiarities both in composition and in application rules.

Mineral decorative plasters

The basis of mineral plasters - natural. As a filler, crumbs and dust of various valuable stone types are used: granite, marble, onyx, malachite. Quartz sand of different granularity is included. Cement and gypsum serve as a binder. Cement-based plasters are classified as façade. Mixtures with gypsum binders are used exclusively for internal work.

Mineral decorative plaster "Coroed" 2 mm. Premium quality. For outdoor use

All kinds of mineral plasters must be prepared for use by adding a dry mix to the water in the proportion specified by the manufacturer.

Ready mix can be applied to the wall in several layers. The final stage of the work is waxing or staining. Wax serves as a protective and decorative coating.

Since all types of mineral renders are diluted with water, they do not have a long "life" of batch. Therefore, it is recommended to prepare as much mixture as possible so that it can be worked out before it starts to solidify. One of the advantages of mineral dry plasters is that they have a much lower price than ready-to-use acrylics.

Textured plasters

Textured plasters are dough-like mixtures that can be tinted in any color during the mixing process, or covered with paint after the application and curing of the finish layer. This kind of plastering differs unsurpassed plasticity, which makes it possible to create real masterpieces on the walls.

This effect is provided due to the natural fibers included in the mixture, which can be cotton, linen, or wood. Some manufacturers use ground bricks as a filler. With the help of mixtures of this kind, you can create relief paintings, bas-reliefs and panels.

The popular "Venetian" plaster is not a separate kind of decorative plasters, but belongs to the category of textured mixtures. "Venetian" it is called because of the special composition, which allows to apply a special technique of application, which provides a spectacular picture of the wall.

Structural plasters

Plasters of this type are inhomogeneous granular masses. As a binder are potassium silicate (silicate plasters), synthetic latex (latex plasters), cement-lime composition. There are two types of structural plasters:

water based;
on a solvent basis.

Hence the classification of these mixtures: water-soluble and organo-dilute. The main representatives of this type of finishing mixtures are "Koroyod" and "Shuba".

They are most often used in the decoration of facades. The reason is simple: these mixtures are easily applied, form an attractive surface pattern, have excellent wear resistance. In addition, they have one more advantage: an acceptable price.

To dilute the organo-dilute mixtures, predominantly "White spirit" is used. It should be noted that he does not dissolve anything in the plaster mass. It precisely dilutes it to the desired consistency. Therefore, experts call any liquid introduced into the finishing composition not a "solvent" but a "diluent".

Acrylic plaster "Ceresite"

Ceresite stucco

Among the structural mixtures the most popular acrylic plaster. Its distinctive feature is that it is ready for use immediately after purchase. These mixtures do not require dilution with water or a solvent. This fact is their undoubted advantage. In addition, acrylic plasters are much more elastic and durable.

They have higher rates of adhesion (adhesion to the base) than mineral and structural ones based on the solvent. Acrylic can be applied on almost any surface: wooden, brick, concrete, aluminum.

In a sealed package, acrylic plasters retain their properties from 6 months to 1.5 years. Some manufacturers produce mixtures with a shelf life of up to 2 years. Another advantage of acrylic compounds is that the treated walls can be painted.

"Bark beetle", decorative acrylic plaster for exterior and interior works

The only drawback of these mixtures is a lower vapor permeability than mineral ones. However, it is sufficient to use this material for the construction of a "wet" facade, which is also a heat insulator.

Specifications

Techniques for applying decorative plasters

Mineral plasters must be prepared for use by dilution with water. On average, it is necessary to add up to 30% of the liquid. All manufacturers indicate the required proportions on the product packaging. Mineral mixtures are applied in two layers.

The use of any plaster compositions requires careful preparation of the surface. The walls should be inspected for deep cracks, make sure that the load-bearing surface is strong enough and does not require major repairs.

The next stage of work is priming. To perform this task, they use deep penetration primers designed for external finishing works.

The plastering of the facade starts from the corner of the building. Work is carried out in stages, gradually applying the mixture to areas of a small area. The first layer is the base one. It is applied with a spatula in such a way as to avoid overlapping and to get as flat surface as possible. For alignment, you can use a spatula with a wide blade or rule.

The main work on decorating the facade takes place at the next stage of the work: when applying the second layer.

Tools for creating decorative surfaces

For the application of decorative plasters use special textured rollers. From conventional they differ only in that they are equipped with rollers with a relief surface.

Depending on the material of which the roller consists, several types of rollers are distinguished:

wooden;
rubber;
plastic;
leather;
pile.

Standard sizes:

with a roller width of up to 30 cm (short rollers);
with a roller width up to 50 cm (medium length);
with a roller width of 50 cm (long rollers).

It is conditionally possible to divide all types of rollers into textured and structural. The latter have a more prominent surface than the first. Textured are designed to create a simulation of marble, natural stone, textiles. Plasters "Bark beetle" and "Shuba" are applied by rollers of texture type.

Structural ridges are designed to produce a pronounced relief pattern, consisting of a repetitive, rather complex pattern. Outwardly it creates the effect of volume wallpapers. The technique of decorating with these tools is more complex than using rollers of texture type.

Working with structural requires extreme accuracy and attention. Rolls of these tools, usually made of wood or plastic. The use of such rollers requires compliance with several rules.

Decoration of the surface is performed on the base, already solidified and leveled layer. For application, use a liquid kneading agent. If you work with a dense composition, the deepening of the relief texture of the nozzle will quickly fill with the mixture, so you will not be able to get a pronounced pattern.
The pattern is applied by strips, rolling the roller in a direction from below upwards or from top to bottom.
Each next strip should fit tightly to the previous one, but do not overlap it.
When decorating the walls, they try to avoid pressing the roller. In this case, the relief of the pattern will be of the same depth.
During operation, the wall surface is moistened using a sprayer or paint brush.
The roller is periodically dipped in a container of water, washing off the stucco mixture from it.

How to get the invoice of the "Marciniad"

To get the texture of "Marsiniada" use structural plasters. With the help of this technique, a stylish and effective design is created, which is suitable for wall finishing inside and outside the premises.

According to the instruction, a structural mixture "Desan Versailles" is needed for plastering. However, the surface pattern is obtained with the help of a special technique, and not because of any particular composition. Therefore, any suitable structural plaster can be used to create the texture of the Marsiniad.

Technique of execution

Step 1. Open the container with a wet plaster and mix the mixture thoroughly with a spatula.

Step 2. Using a trowel or a spatula made of stainless steel, the mixture is applied to the wall, trying to obtain an even layer up to 5 mm thick.

Step 3. Immediately after applying the plaster, it is covered with a dense polyethylene film. Smooth the hand with all the waves so that the film sticks to plaster mixture.

Step 4. Perform a series of movements with the palm of your hand, trying to shift some of the film, leaving no fingerprint at all. This removes a thin layer of plaster over the entire surface of the wall. Ensure that there are no air bubbles under the film.

Step 5. Wait for the relative hardening of the plaster mixture (not less than 12 hours).

Step 6. Carefully remove the plastic wrap.

Step 7. After the wall has completely dried (after 24 hours), the surface is treated with a fine grain of sandpaper.

Step 8. Using a dry paint brush or rags, dust is removed from the wall.

Step 9. Brush or roller is applied a coat of finish primer.

For more reliable protection of the plastered surface, a layer of varnish or paint can be applied to the wall. To perform this task use any most convenient tool: spray gun, roller, paint brush.

An important point: varnish or paint before drying rub off on the plaster with a soft foam rubber sponge. This allows you to fill all the depressions of the relief pattern and gives the surface a finished look. While working with a sponge, it is periodically thoroughly washed with water and squeezed. You can apply several layers of varnish or paint. This gives the desired shade of the facade color.

How to get the invoice of "Corals"

For the drawing of "Corals" use structural plasters with filler of fine or medium granularity.

Step 1. Open the container with the compound and mix it thoroughly.

Step 2. A uniform layer of the plaster mixture is applied to the wall. Use a trowel, trowel or spatula in stainless steel.

Step 3. Smooth the applied layer with a spatula with a wide metal blade.

Step 4. Take a spatula with a rectangular blade and gently press it against the wall surface. it important stage works, therefore it is necessary to be extremely attentive.

To obtain a drawing, observe the following technique:

apply a spatula to the wall with the entire area of the sole;
with a jerky movement take away spatula;
apply a spatula to the wall, changing its direction: perpendicular or obliquely relative to the previous print;
tear off the adherent sole of the spatula from the plastered wall.

Step 5. After a lapse of 15-20 minutes, the same tool slightly smoothes the pattern, leveling its relief.

Step 6. After 24 hours, the wall is treated with fine grain sandpaper.

Step 7. Apply a protective composition: the finish primer, varnish or paint.

Thus, a beautiful relief pattern of "Corals" is obtained. The density of prints can be any. But the most effective pattern is without overlapping prints.

Video - How to apply decorative plaster with your own hands

Video - Decorative plaster, granite crumb based on natural stone

At the present time, the range of materials intended for wall decoration is huge and diverse. Everyone wants to change their dwelling, but, alas, not everyone can afford a European-style repair, here it is postponed for better times. Or, family funds have to be saved for several years in order to realize a dream and transform the house / apartment. And you can solve everything differently and do not expect manna from heaven, while spending a minimum of money and physical strength. Decorative plaster with your own hands is an excellent way out of this situation, because it can refresh the room and complement it with bright and rich colors.

The walls are in front of the person's eyes and are the first to attract attention. In the distant years, primitive people also decorated them with animal skins (original trophies), painted with colors and later draped with fabrics. Accurate historical data on the appearance of the first decorative coating for the decoration of the walls there. Most likely, it can be attributed wallpaper of rice paper: they glued walls in Chinese houses (200 BC), or the famous Venetian plaster, invented even in ancient Rome.

Such plaster is made easily, and the final result surprises and amazes any layman. In the old days, the then masters used special shapes and ready-made stencils to begin cementing cement. And especially the clever masters managed to manually apply the patterns to the hardening solution, for this they needed skill, a firm hand and a sure eye. It was once, and today people have invented a technological plaster composition that is resistant to physical influences, weather temperatures, besides, it hardens gradually.

Advantages of decorative plaster

The construction market offers consumers a huge variety: dozens of wallpaper types, wooden and plastic panels, interior, facade paints, cork, tiles. The list is long, but each coverage is characterized by its advantages and disadvantages. For example, if you consider the most common option - wallpaper and paint, then this is a wide range of patterns and colors, ease of application. But that's bad luck, they can fall behind the walls, not too resistant to physical influences and abrasion. And for their application, an ideal surface leveling is necessary.

An interesting way to form a relief pattern of plaster

Decorative coating for the walls is an important detail of the interior design, giving it elegance and individuality, its advantages are worthy of attention:

amazing associative sensations from the material. For example, using the effect of noble antiquity, you can create an accent on warmth, peace and comfort, and an aged stone - stability, confidence and exquisite taste. Well and shine of a precious metal - reliability, luxury and unique chic;
environmental cleanliness - the material is completely safe;
uniqueness at the highest level - a variety of effects can satisfy the most scrupulous aesthetic preferences. One can be sure one hundred percent that the applied decorative coating is unique in color and texture. To make absolutely identical result even the most qualified professional can not;
durability and practicality - decorative plaster does not need any abstruse care, and the paint retains its color for a long time. Plus, the coating is resistant to mechanical stress (although light);
the textured appearance of decorative plaster is characterized by excellent acoustic properties, the reason is a pronounced sound-absorbing effect. In addition, it helps to create a room with comfortable conditions for listening to sound recordings. The sound sounds unobtrusive and natural, as if the performers surprisingly moved into the studio;
long-term exploitation - decorative plaster serves for a long time until it gets bored. The issue of changing colors and textures is solved in such ways: repainting the coating in a different tone; Removing the plaster to the concrete base, plastering to a level of smoothness and subsequent decoration at its discretion;
poorly absorbs odors;
strong and vapor-permeable coating;
universality of use - plaster can be applied to almost any, but necessarily, pre-prepared surfaces: brick, concrete, metal;
unimaginable variations and solutions - bizarre geometric patterns, natural patterns, imitation of marble, malachite, granite, different types of wood, fabrics and even leather - the flight of fantasy is unlimited, you can create and create individual harmony.

Composition of solutions, differences

Of course, each type of decorative plaster has its own specific composition, but the basic components are the same:

binder is the basis for fixing the material to the surface;
filler - an element that forms a decorative effect: sand, cellulose fiber, ground marble, flock;
solvent - water;
auxiliary additives - enrichment of the product with additional properties: antifoams, thixotropic additives, biocides.

A similar composition of the formulation was formed in the 80s of the last century. The popularity of decorative plaster grows constantly, according to leading experts this is the most dynamically spreading material and the most promising.

Types of decorative plaster

Everyone dreams of finding himself in a fairy-tale world after a hard day's work, to rest his soul and body. It can be confidently stated that decorative plaster is the embodiment of art, original and exclusive.

Depends on the basis of decorative plaster is:

acrylic - from the name it is clear that the basis of the coating is acrylic resins. Main characteristics: low vapor permeability, good resistance to external environment;

mineral - the basis of this coating - cement, plaster is characterized by excellent vapor permeability and resistance to fire;

silicate - the basis of such plaster - liquid glass. Pros: all the same good vapor permeability, and shortcomings - a limited range of colors;

silicone - plaster is made on the basis of silicone resins. High cost is a distinctive feature, but fully justified by excellent quality. And the resistance to various contaminants categorical.

Important: in terms of application and climate resistance, decorative plasters are divided into internal, external and universal.

Features of Venetian plaster

This type of plaster perfectly imitates polished or partially polished stone (granite, limestone, malachite), and can resemble crushed fabric and embossed skin. When applying this finely divided high-plastic composition, special methods are used, the end result is a polished surface or a unique volumetric pattern.

The possibilities of Venetian plaster are unlimited: it can perfectly simulate stone, skin, silk, with the help of this technology creates a three-dimensional effect

Venetian is characterized by remarkable decorative parameters, it is easy to clean and has the properties of dirt repulsion. The latter indicator is especially relevant when treating the finished wall with wax or protective varnish, then the coating is supplemented with water-repellent properties and acquires a uniform luster.

Effective smooth plaster

Decorative effects are stunning - silk drapery, ripples on the water, pearl shell, light sea foam.

Smooth plaster is always unique, its pattern is unlikely to be able to repeat even the master himself

Smooth coatings are very beautiful due to the game of color and the fine texture of paints and varnishes.

This mixture can have different colors, it is based on synthetic materials with a variety of fillers (fibers of flax, cotton).

Textured plaster allows you to embody an unlimited number of stunning design ideas

In the classical version, textured plastering is an imitation of a masonry stone, bas-reliefs with a volumetric pattern, woody bark. After applying to the wall, the plaster gets the texture of a certain filler, it looks original and hides the surface defects.

A granular, non-uniform mass with special additives-granules, for example, fragments of quartz, wood fiber, is also used. The plaster does not need to be diluted, it is also characterized by extreme plasticity and suppleness, it can be cleaned and washed.

Stylish stone crumb

This kind of decorative plaster consists of real small pebbles, mixed with gluing and binding components.

Important: this is a cooler material, so it is recommended to use it in non-residential premises: a corridor, a bathroom, a hall.

It is quartz, marble, granite, perfectly resists the weather and looks amazing. Outside, such decorative material is used to decorate individual architectural elements and the whole building.

Innovation - flock coating

This is a very interesting novelty, consisting of small particles of various sizes, colors and shapes.

Flock coating - a new word in the finish

This coating can be easily cleaned with solutions for alcohol, detergents, and is not afraid of light, fungal lesions, or strokes. In addition, it has no smell and is simply applied.

Technology of plaster application

The whole process consists of several stages:

Carefully prepare the surface

Before applying decorative plaster, it is necessary to remove the walls from the old coating, thoroughly clean the dust and dirt and then conduct the treatment with a primer.

Important: if irregularities are noticed on the wall, it is desirable to eliminate them.

Direct application process

Each type of plaster has its own application technique, which is described in detail in the attached instructions. The plaster is thoroughly mixed and applied to the walls with a roller or a special spatula.

Decorative plaster is an amazing result, for the achievement of which the tools and even the hands of the finisher are applicable

With regard to consumption, it all depends on the desired effect and on proper use.

Important: after finishing this process, the plaster must dry (a few days).

How and what to color

The application of decorative plaster can be carried out in color or paint the surface after finishing works. It should be remembered that when painting with a roller (with a short nap) the grooves are not stained, that is, the final effect will differ from the paint brush or spray. The end result depends on imagination and personal preference.

Look at the video demonstrating the technology of creating a silk surface when painting:

The final touch is surface treatment with wax to protect against dirt and gloss - glossy if beeswax is used, and matte if synthetic.

There are many options for decorative plaster, with its help you can realize the most incredible plans and fantasies. And the work done by their own hands is more valuable in value, because there is a part of the soul invested there.