Nobody will argue that such a primitive construction, like a country toilet, is one of the main structures, the construction of which starts first. Agree that on the countryside you can do without a summer cottage, gazebo or fence, but without a toilet in the country - no way. A self-built country cottage toilet will provide minimal comfort that will allow you to fully relax and work.
Before starting earthworks, you need to study the sanitary and hygienic requirements and in accordance with them choose the installation site.
Particularities of country toilets
It is not difficult to install a toilet in the dacha, it is quite possible to do it yourself, without resorting to outside help. It is important at the same time to take into account some features of such construction:
- Required compliance of the installation site with sanitary and hygienic requirements , shown to cesspools;
- It is impossible to admit that a country toilet installed by its own hands creates inconvenience to neighbors ;
- At the beginning of construction must be mandatory a method of emptying a cesspool ;
- The choice of toilet design directly depends on the water horizon of the site. With a low placement of groundwater, the cesspool should only be a sealed type .
Following our instructions, you will not only be able to properly build a summer cottage with your own hands, but also to rid yourself of the problems associated with its use.
Varieties of toilets for cottages
At the dacha one can build one of several toilet designs. The choice criteria can be both the height of the water horizon and the frequency of use of the closet, and the amount of financial costs that are planned for its construction and maintenance.
All existing outdoor latrines can be classified according to the method of waste disposal. Let's consider some of the most popular designs.
Toilets with cesspools for cottages
This, perhaps, is one of the most popular designs on rural farmsteads and dacha territories. It is not difficult to build a toilet of a cesspool type with your own hands at the dacha, because the canal is a usual deep pit, in which liquid residues evaporate or are absorbed into the ground.
The depth of the pit directly affects the frequency of its cleaning, so it is not often necessary to remove the garbage. Most often, the pit is simply covered with soil, alongside digging out a new one. An above-ground structure can be anything - you can build your own toilet from the boards, bricks, slate sheets or metal profiles with your own hands. The main thing is to ensure the necessary strength of the frame and there is ventilation.
- Wooden toilet. The choice of such a design is justified both by the simplicity of construction and its low cost. Agree, you can build a wooden toilet yourself with minimal skills. Wooden construction is often stylized under a fairy-tale house, having received not only a functional, but also an aesthetic structure. Often used for plating the frame is not boards, and lining. This villa, built by own hands, also looks stylish, as evidenced by the numerous photos posted on the network. The most important advantage of a wooden structure is that when the pit is filled, it is digged elsewhere, and the house is moved.
- Toilet made of metal profile sheets. You can install such a design in two ways. In the first, a wooden frame is used, and in the second, a base welded from shaped metal pipes is used. Then the base is covered with slate sheets with the help of screws or rivets. To build a toilet from profile sheets with your own hands is easy, but this design is very hot in summer in the country. It is best to install a metal closet in a permanently shaded place and to trim it from inside with expanded polystyrene sheets.
- Brick toilet. Before you build your own toilet made of bricks in the country, inspect the site well, study existing projects, watch the video. Such a design can not be transferred to a new location, so it is necessary to provide a method for cleaning the cesspool. When building a brick building, do not forget about the need to install concrete floors.
Loft-closet
A toilet of this type resembles the construction described above. Its feature is the device of the cesspool. Most often the walls and bottom are sealed so that when filling it can be pumped waste with a sewer machine. By equipping yourself with this toilet at the cottage, they dig elongated pit, for the possibility of unimpeded installation of the hoses of the wastewater. A huge disadvantage of backlash-closets is the impossibility of cleaning them in the winter , therefore, if necessary, a pit heating system is installed.
Powder-Closet
This toilet has a small (maximum 20 liters) capacity for collection of sewage, installed under the chair. After coping with natural needs, waste is covered with ash, sawdust or peat. For this purpose, a box with these loose materials is installed in the room. If you are interested in the question of how to make a toilet in the country, remember the shortcomings of powdered closets: pouring the contents of the sewage tank into the compost pit is not the most pleasant procedure. Let's not keep silent about the huge advantage of such a closet - with proper ventilation it can be placed even in the cottage.
Peat toilet for summer residence
The peat toilet is a more perfect powder-closet construction. The peculiarity of the device is that there is no need in an additional box with peat - it is poured directly inside. After visiting the peat toilet, the waste is "powdered", and after filling the sewage tank it is taken out and taken out.
Choose the place of installation of the toilet
To build a toilet in the country house with their own hands will help our recommendations regarding the choice of the location of future construction:
- If you are planning a construction equipped with a sump, then always consider the need for a driveway for a sewage machine;
- The distance from the toilet to the place of water intake should not exceed the sanitary norm of 25 meters, to nearby buildings the distance should be more than 5 meters, and to the border of the site - 1 meter.
- Be sure to study the wind rose map and consider their direction.
- The toilet door should open in the direction opposite to the nearest border of the site.
In addition, do not install the toilet in very remote places and do not clutter the way to approach it. Ensure free access to the structure.
We are building a country house toilet like the "birdhouse" with our own hands
"Birdhouse" is a wooden, sheathed by any available material, with a single or gable roof. This toilet is installed in conjunction with a cesspool. By arranging a summer cottage of this type with your own hands, you can use ready-made drawings or create an individual project.
As a standard project, it is possible to take such dimensions for the "Birdhouse" toilet with a single-pitched roof:
- height of the rear wall - 2 m,
- front - 2.30 m
- with a width of at least 1 m.
The size of the base is not less than 1x1m. Installing a wooden toilet with your own hands is a must control of horizontal and vertical surfaces with the help of a building level.
So, we build the "birdhouse" toilet. You will need to work :
- Concrete border 2 m long - 2 pcs. or blocks of sand and cement - 4 pieces.
- Ruberoid - 2 m2.
- Sand.
- Edged board: 6000x100x50mm - 3 pcs., 6000x100x50mm - 1pc., 6000x90x32mm - 3pcs.
- Boarding 3000x87mm - 40pcs.
- Wooden beam 6000x50x50 - 1piece.
- Sheet steel profile zinced 1520x2000x0.4mm - 1pc.
- Door block 900x2000mm
- Door hinges, bolt, handle, nails, self-tapping screws.
- Paint or varnish.
We describe toilet construction process at the dacha with their own hands in stages:
- Digging a cesspool the size of at least 1h1h2 m. Remember that the dimensions of the toilet, which you plan to install in the dacha with your own hands, are predetermined by the dimensions of the pit. Pour a layer of broken brick or crushed stone into the bottom of the pit.
- As the foundation of the house install a concrete border at a distance of no more than 20 cm from the edges of the pit as an overlap. To do this, dig it so that the height of the concrete foundation above the ground was no more than 10-15 cm. Instead of the curb, you can dig four blocks of sand-cement mortar into the corners of the cesspool, to which we subsequently install the frame.
- We lay on a concrete border ruberoid in 3-4 layers as a moisture barrier.
- We build a wooden frame and we cover it with boards, lining, etc. The floor of the toilet must be covered with a board with a thickness of at least 40 mm. It is better to use hardwoods - oak, beech, larch and others.
- On the floor, cut the hole up to 30cm across. The shape of the "point" can be arbitrary: an oval, a heart, a rhombus, a circle, etc.
- Installing the door and cut out in it a window of any shape for the passage of light.
- The roof of the house is covered with ruberoid, asbestos-cement or profile steel sheet.
- We paint the construction oil paint or varnish.
By equipping yourself with wooden dacha toilets, do not forget to install the simplest ventilation. Its purpose is to remove air from the pit into the atmosphere. To do this, you can take any pipe with a diameter of at least 100 mm. Then in a roof and a podium of a toilet cut an aperture of necessary diameter and establish a pipe on height not less than 20 sm over a roof. All the places of passage of the hood are sealed, and at its end a deflector is installed, which will create the necessary traction.
From the inside, the country house "Birdhouse" can be hand-built polish, and to beautifully clothe it with suitable material, it is enough to watch the video from the network and take advantage of ready-made ideas.
We build a toilet like "Shalash" with our own hands
Toilet type "Shalash" though more difficult to manufacture, but it looks much more spectacular "birdhouse".
Some masters stylize the cottage toilet under the fairy-tale house, creating real masterpieces with their own hands. Photos of such buildings from the network impress the imagination with their thoughtfulness and skill of execution. Well? We also build such an original toilet in the country? Then we get down to business and start digging a cesspool. Its dimensions can be taken from the previous project. At the corners of the pit, dig deep in the soil to install concrete blocks. To control the squareness measure not only the distance between blocks. The diagonals of the base must also be the same.
Installing the foundation, control the horizontal, putting on two adjacent blocks a flat rail, and on top of the building level. The height of the concrete base should not be more than 15 cm above the surface of the site.
In order not to miss important little things, install a cottage toilet with your hands step by step :
- Put on any improvised foundation any moisture insulator. Not bad coping with this function roofing paper, laid in 2-3 layers.
- From a bar 50х50мм collect a skeleton bases with a size of 1x1m and pinned it with edging boards. Above this "deck" arrange a flooring from the floorboard.
- Cut out a hole in the bottom. You can not limit yourself to a circle and come up with an interesting form of "point".
- We cover with antiseptic a wooden basis from all sides. If, when installing a toilet in the dacha with your own hands, you are not sure of the correctness of your actions, study the instruction in which all the processes are described in stages.
- Using a sketch or drawing, assemble the back and front parts.
- Sew both parts "Shed" from the inside of the lining.
- Install the rear and front walls on the floor and fasten them with scraps of boards.
- Knock the board. At the end of the work they also need to be sewn.
- Take boards not less than 1800 mm long and, leaning them on the back and front of the "Shack", nail them to the rails. Thus, we get the roof of the house.
- Roof on our built at the country house you can install the toilet yourself, having studied photos of similar constructions or having forced to work the imagination. In principle, any material is suitable, but do we need a banal when we create a house from a fairy tale?
- Setting the skate, you can decorate it with a suitable figure.
- We hang doors, pre-equipped with a handle and a hook. From the outside we nail the turntable of any shape.
- We paint the toilet house oil paint or varnish.
When installing a toilet in the country house with your own hands, include fantasy or watch a video showing the gallery of toilet houses, do not be afraid to experiment. Only in this case you will receive an elegant, exclusive structure.
Features of installation of peat toilet
The use of a peat substratum for spilling waste is justified for several reasons.
- Firstly, peat perfectly absorbs unpleasant odors.
- Secondly, the increased hygroscopicity of the substrate promotes increased absorption of the liquid, which ultimately contributes to an increase in the periodicity of cleaning the toilet.
- Thirdly, after direct application, the mixture is used as a fertilizer, since peat is initially rich in bacteria, processing organic waste into compost.
A factory-made peat toilet does not require a connection to the power grid, water supply and sewerage systems, so it is a truly autonomous design for the dacha.
The work of this toilet is based on the separation of waste products into solid and liquid fractions. If frequent use of the device is contemplated, drainage of the purified liquid fraction is provided for by drainage or a special hose. The solid fraction is in the lower container and, if necessary, can be easily removed, since the container is easily removed and has handles for carrying.
The advantage of factory designs is the ease of maintenance - it is enough to remove waste from the storage tank, rinse the container and add the substrate.
The easiest way to buy a finished device. Those who want to save, we'll tell you how to make a toilet in the dacha with their own hands. This will require several boards, a sheet of plywood, nails and screws, as well as a toilet seat. So, we describe step by step, how to build your own peat type toilet :
- We collect the box, connecting the screws four boards. In the front part of the construction we make a cut-out for the convenience of installing the container.
- The upper side of the box is sewn with a plywood sheet, previously cutting out a hole in it under the bucket.
- To the corners of the box we fasten the legs so that you can easily replace the waste container.
- Install the structure on the legs and attach to the functional opening of the seat (can be factory made of plastic or wooden).
- Under the hole we install a plastic bucket with a layer of peat previously poured to the bottom up to 5 cm.
- If you plan to place a peat toilet in the open space, then build a house, for example, the same "Shalash".
We do not specifically give the dimensions of the toilet, which is intended for installation by the people at the dacha. It is so simple that even a schoolboy can repeat the construction. Let me just give several recommendations :
- Stock up with a few buckets with covers. This facilitates the convenience of using the toilet.
- Empty the bucket when the waste fills it no more than a third.
- Add bio-composting agents to the peat.
- Use the factory filler.
- Dump the waste in a compost pile and after the necessary time you can use them as fertilizers for garden crops.
We hope that our instructions, which step by step describe how to install a country toilet with your own hands, will help you solve one of the priority tasks that arise in the development of a suburban area.
Respecting the owner of the construction of the villa begins with a toilet. In the absence of sewage, convenience is placed in the yard. The article will tell you about the types and characteristics of country cottages, how to build them yourself.
The installation of the closet requires the account of mandatory regulations:
- to have a structure from a well, a well, a pond at a distance of at least 30 meters below them;
- reliably isolate the cesspool;
- place of installation to choose, so that the toilet is not in sight and does not interfere;
- not to arrange a cesspool at a groundwater level of less than 2.5 m;
- removal from the house - at least 5 m, from the neighboring site - 2 m;
- to provide for the possibility of the access of the sewerage machine to the cesspool.
Types and characteristics of outdoor toilets
There is a question about the choice of design. Invented enough kinds of street toilets. There are the following options for building their own hands:
- toilet with cesspool;
- loft-closet;
- powder-clozet;
- peat toilet.
The correct choice of the optimal type of cottage toilet should take into account such factors:
- how many people will use it;
- how often will you come to the dacha;
- how much money can you spend on construction;
- what level of ecology and hygiene is acceptable for you.
Cesspool toilet is constructed in the form of a house or a booth with a pit to collect sewage. Liquid components evaporate, part of it goes to the soil. Dense particles accumulate. If necessary, the cesspool is cleaned manually or by a sewage machine. A variant is possible, when the booth is transferred to another place, and the pit falls asleep.
To maintain hygiene, the destruction of flies in the pit periodically fall asleep chlorine lime, inside do the cleaning with water with a disinfectant.
Loft-closet - a kind of toilet with a cesspool. It differs from the first variant of a sealed and larger cesspool. He empties only by pumping out.
For the integrity of the walls of the pit is made of concrete, the top is closed with a lid. The hatch is located above the ground level. Be sure to arrange the hood.
As a receiving funnel, a toilet is used, in which the siphon is cut off.
This design is more hygienic than the previous, but much more expensive.
Powder-Closet similar to an ordinary toilet. He does not need a hole, the sewage is collected in a container under the toilet seat. A good option for sites with a high level of groundwater.
In a booth, place a bucket of peat, which is sprinkled with waste after each visit to the toilet.
It is often necessary to clean the capacity of a small volume. Suitable for dachas, where the owners are rare.
Peat toilet - This is an industrial version of powdered closet. It has a toilet, a tank of 20 liters and a box of peat. But the booth or lodge for the toilet will have to be built with your own hands.
How to make a toilet in the country: the stages of construction
In the design of the cottage toilet there is always a small house. It is built of different materials: wood, brick, stone. For pit latrines and loft-closets dig a pit. If you have chosen a toilet with a cesspool, construction begins with it.
Cesspool can be one and a half meters in depth and 1-1.2 m wide. The bottom of the pit is well rammed. That the walls do not collapse quickly, they should be strengthened. You can choose different options:
- brick, which is easy and cheap;
- pour concrete. The operation is time consuming, you need to bring rubble, make a formwork;
- to put concrete rings;
- use a container of plastic.
If scooped out It is designed for loft-closet, the bottom is concreted. The walls are sealed: brick - mastic, the seams between the rings are covered with mortar. Around the pit a clay lock is made half a meter thick.
Pit cover with a lid with a cleaning hatch. For a backlash-closet it is necessary to ensure the tightness of the cover and the hatch.
If you are going to build a brick house over a pit, you need strong foundation. Around the brick or concrete wall of the pit, a trench 20 cm wide is spread to the depth of freezing of the ground. Collect the formwork for the foundation and the simultaneous pouring of the pit overlap. In the formwork, the floors are left three holes: for the cleaning hatch, for the intake funnel and for ventilation.
Formwork device difficult at first glance. In fact, everything is simple: lay on the pit boards or chipboard with holes. Formwork of the foundation is made only on the outside. Pour concrete and get a monolith from the overlap of the pit and foundation. For strength, insert the reinforcing mesh.
Brick cubicle is built thick in brick. Rows in five from the walls remove the remnants of the solution and spend the expansion of the seams. Periodically level and plumb line check the horizontal and vertical masonry. Overlapping of doors and windows is made of a steel corner.
Wooden housethe toilet is built faster, at a cost cheaper. Begin his device from the foundation. There are two options. On the surface of the concrete foundation lay the uneven bars. They are fastened to the corner posts. If there is no foundation, at the corners to a depth of 80 cm install pipes and reinforce with concrete. Inside the pipes are inserted poles.
Frame make from the beams 80 × 80 mm. From above to posts poles rods for the roof. They are a little forward and back to make a visor and overhang from the back. The columns are diagonally expanded with boards for the strength of the structure. At a height of 1.8 m, a door jumper is attached from the front.
Stool make of wood. The frame is lined with a lining. In the middle near the edge a hole is cut out.
Roof is made with a slight slope back for water drainage. First of the planks make an overlap, it is covered with slate, roofing material, profiled sheet.
A house in the village ... Many after these words, there are memories of grandmother, steamed milk, berries, torn straight from the bush. Becoming an adult and acquiring a dacha site, the question involuntarily creeps in at once: "But how was everything done in the village and worked smoothly?" Arrangement of the toilet in the country is one of the first and main issues that need to be solved by acquiring a site.Toilet - this is an interior subject that can only be built with the observance of all sanitary standards. Then it should be decided what kind of this, undoubtedly, important, object of the interior should have.
Variety of buildings
Who would have thought, but there are several options, seemingly quite simple solution of the issue. The main types of toilet in the country are six. They include:
- a classic option - a wooden or stone structure with a cesspool;
- powder-clozet;
- loft-closet;
- bio-toilet;
- chemical toilet;
- peat toilet.
What are the features of each building?
Classic Edition
A feature of this option is a cesspool, located under a wooden or brick house. Of the minuses, it should be noted that the cesspool requires periodic cleaning with a sewer machine.
Powder-Closet
This option is ideal for a suburban area, where groundwater is located quite high. Here the role of the cesspool is performed by a sealed container, which is installed under the toilet seat. Waste layers are recommended to alternate with layers of ash, sawdust or peat. When filling the container, the waste is disposed of in the compost pit.
Loft-closet
A version of the toilet in the country house, which can be placed in the house. The room itself is inside the building, and the cesspool is located on the side of the house. Biological wastes enter it through a dedicated pipe, which has a slope "from the house". Hermetic cesspool, as well as in the first variant, requires periodic cleaning with the help of suction trucks.
Dry closet
Does not involve any individual buildings. A suitable option is chosen in the store.
Chemical toilet
This kind of toilet in the country house is a kind of bio-toilet. A distinctive feature is the nature of waste processing. Just like a biotoilet, building a chemical option does not involve the flight of creative imagination. All variants are represented by the assortment of the store.
Peat toilet
The role of water for flushing in this version is carried out by peat (hence the name).
Since the toilet in the dacha should perform not only the basic function, but also fit into the interior of the site, the best option is to build this structure with your own hands. Only in this way you can realize all your design ideas and ideas. And most importantly, to erect that very object that the whole family will like.
To build a toilet in the country, it is necessary to solve a number of issues. There are two main questions:
- what design to choose;
- with what materials to work.
The design of a summer cottage
Materials for work
There are several options for dealing with this issue. The most common material used in the construction of the toilet in the country is a tree.
Choice - wooden construction
If the owner of the suburban site stopped in his design searches on a wooden structure, it should be noted that there may be several variants of the tree:
- planed boards;
- grooved boards;
- boards used for flooring;
- block house;
- finished log house.
The use of different types of boards will significantly reduce the cost of building a summer cottage. The thickness of the material is 20 mm. You can buy boards of different lengths, and then cut and cut them to the desired size.
With this choice, you need to purchase the following materials:
- boards of the required thickness;
- material for fastening: self-tapping screws, nails;
- to impart strength to the constructed structure - metal corners;
- material that will be covered with a roof (for example, slate);
- when using the toilet in the cold season - the material for insulation: polystyrene, mineral wool, expanded polystyrene;
- material for interior decoration of premises: plywood, thin boards, chipboard.
Buildings from the blockhouse suggest convenience and speed in the assembly. Outside - this is a very beautiful structure, reminiscent of a wooden frame. Inside this building can be insulated. Decorative finish usually involves the use of lining. The roof, as a rule, is single-pitched or gable.
For shelter use flexible or wooden tiles. For homogeneity of the design idea, the overlapping of the toilet can be made of the material that covered all the other buildings in the country area outside.
If the owner has enough money and has a ready and well-designed project for cleaning the cesspool - you can pay attention to the already finished wooden log houses. On the sites of construction companies, you can choose any design: from the most simple (flat rectangular house), to this fairy-tale palace.
Modern plastic
This modern material has found wide application in the construction and interior decoration of premises. The advantages of using this material are:
Plastic wall panels - affordable price;
- durability in operation;
- simplicity of installation;
- neat appearance;
- a light weight;
- bright coloring.
From the minuses it should be noted:
- monotony of construction (there is no flight of creative imagination and originality in performance);
- when using the structure in the cold season - mandatory additional insulation of the room and finish inside.
Masonry materials
The most difficult to fulfill is the toilet in the country house, made of bricks and / or other masonry materials. In order to reduce the cost of construction, you can use the old building material, remaining from the construction of other buildings.
If the walls built look not very nice - they can be refined. The simplest method is plastering and subsequent painting. Of the more labor-consuming and costly options, it is possible to isolate the erection of the erected building with decorative bricks. Or it can be sewed with decorative panels.
Interior decoration
To decorate the interior of the toilet at the dacha should also be taken with great responsibility. High demands are made on materials. The interior decoration should be durable. It is necessary that it can easily be washed and disinfected there to maintain cleanliness in the room and eliminate the unpleasant odor.
From the materials offered for interior decoration of the premises, we can distinguish the following:
- tile;
- plastic;
- lacquered boards;
- lining;
- laminated panels;
- wallpaper;
- plastering and staining.
The advantages of tiles are undeniable. It is very convenient to wash and disinfect. Pleases the eye and the variety of textures and colors. Tiling in the room is suitable for buildings made of bricks.
The advantages of a variety of boards or laminated panels will be the simplicity of their fastenings. It is quite easy to do it yourself.
Focus on details
The interior of the room assumes that the person who decorates it will show maximum creativity in such a complicated issue. In most cases, the decoration of the toilet is laconic and simple in execution.
From the decorative details you can pay attention to shelves and lockers. They can be different in form and content.
Particular attention should be paid to the design of the toilet bowl. A variety of design, a variety of materials and beautiful appearance, provide a wide flight for imagination in the design of the toilet for the dacha.
The walls of the toilet can be decorated with bouquets of dried herbs that will not only give individuality to the building, but also help to get rid of the unpleasant smell.
Decoration of the adjacent territory
Very beautiful will look toilet in the country, which is decorated with decorative green plants. The adjoining territory would also be well furnished, ennobled and landscaped.
This will complete the completed object. And, what to say, will help to remove the unpleasant odors around this garden house.
And most importantly - one should not be "over the sleeves" to build a toilet. Indeed, it is from this design will depend on a comfortable stay in the suburban area.
Video: Country house
When constructing a summer residence, any owner of it, first of all, thinks about making it convenient and functional.
And at the same time, such a construction as a toilet is taken into account. After going on nature, you give up many of the benefits of civilization, however, without some people it is absolutely impossible to live.
In this article, we will tell you how to build a toilet correctly and quickly. It will be convenient and will serve more than one season. And you do not have to spend a lot on it.
Where should the construction process begin?
Immediately it is worth noting that the construction of brick and concrete will not be considered, since their construction is capital and not all summer residents can afford it.
We will consider the budget options that people themselves can build at their dacha site people with even a small income level. With what it is necessary to begin construction Of course, from the preparatory stage.
The first thing you need to do after you have determined exactly what you want to build a toilet is to choose the type of discharge, drainage and disposal of waste water. You can do this only based on conditions that are specific to your site.
Once you find out for yourself, you can proceed to the next preparatory stage, which involves determining the location of the structure.
Before you finally approve the location of the toilet, think about whether it is convenient.
After that, you should make a decision that deals with the type of construction. You can build either a booth or a so-called booth. In this case it depends entirely on your wishes and preferences. There are no specific recommendations here.
Next, you need to think about how the finished design will look and how you can decorate it. Of course, the decoration will require additional materials, so if you do not have the opportunity to purchase them, refuse decorating.
You can simply paint the finished structure and thus make it more beautiful.
Once you are done with this, you can start compiling an estimate for costs. It is highly desirable to do this. After all, in this way you will find out the approximate amount of the alleged expenses and, if necessary, make adjustments to the estimate.
For example, if you chose rather expensive materials, you can replace them with cheaper ones.
Booth or cabin - what to choose?
As it was already written above, the owner of the site must independently determine the choice of design.
However, in order to simplify it somewhat, we will describe some characteristics of these structures. Knowing them, you can easily determine what is right for you.
Booth. The main material that is used in the construction of the villa's summer cottage is a tree. However, we are not talking about expensive species of wood. Frequently, ordinary cheap wood is used.
Toilet of this type is very good and keeps heat for a long time, therefore it will be comfortable enough to be in it in the autumn or winter season.
In this summer, in such a construction it will be completely not hot, because the wood products "breathe".
By making a minimum of simple treatments, you can significantly improve the moisture resistance of the structure, making it at times more durable. It should also be noted that the construction of the foundation in this case is not necessary.
Cabin. There are several variations that make the toilet cabin more interesting in appearance than the booth. However, immediately it is worth noting that most of these options are extremely unstable and require mandatory laying of the foundation.
One of the most simple and affordable ways to strengthen is the placement of a water tank on the roof of the villa.
The durability of the cabin under load increases and this allows you to use its attic to store various garden tools or other utensils.
Do not forget that if you want to build a really nice country cottage, you should give preference to the cabin. Decorate it is much easier and more interesting.
Photo of the toilet
Any villa site must have a toilet. Moreover, it must be organized before the construction itself, because this room is the most necessary for people to stay at the dacha. The rest of the buildings, for example a bath or a gazebo, will be built later.
The toilet toilet can be made without applying for help to specialists who will certainly take a lot of money. Therefore, it is first necessary, according to all sanitary and hygienic requirements, to choose a place for the construction, and then choose the type of structure and methods of its construction.
Choose a place
It should be noted that there are certain requirements and norms for placing such structures on the street. Especially it concerns those toilets, in which the sewage directly contact with the ground or ground water.
It is necessary to adhere to the following rules:
- The nearest water body should be at least 25 meters away. In the event that the territory is located on an inclined terrain, then the construction must be installed below the water source. This will prevent the ingress of sewage into the source.
- Distance from the cellar or cellar of the house to the toilet - not less than 12 m.
- From a bath, a sauna or other structure - not less than 8 m.
- The distance to the place of stay of animals is not less than 4 meters.
- From the trunk of the nearest tree - 4 m, and from the bushes - 1 m.
- The distance from the fence of the adjacent territory is one meter.
- When choosing a place, be sure to take into account the wind rose, this is necessary so as not to irritate yourself and your neighbors with unpleasant odors.
- The door must be installed so that it opens to the side of your house.
It is necessary to take into account not only the distance to its source of water, but also take into account the location of the well or well of its neighbors!
All these requirements must be taken into account not only in relation to their territory, but also to the neighboring (with regard to the location of shrubs, baths, cellars and the like). But these requirements directly relate only to the toilet with a pit. The rest should be guided by ease of use.
Kinds
There are four most common types of toilet:
- With the cesspool.
- Powder-chuzet.
It is a sealed cesspool, which can be of a large size, and its cleaning is carried out by a sewage machine.
If speak about powder-Closet, then this is the type where a container is located under the stool, which must be cleaned from time to time. With each use of it, a small layer of peat must be sprinkled with sewage. A bucket of peat is placed side by side. This option is the easiest for any dacha, however, the process of removing feces is quite unpleasant.
Well, the last alternative is bio- or chemical toilet. Here all the impurities are split by special bacteria. This process is completely safe for the environment.
We begin to build. Cesspool and reinforcement of walls
It is the toilet with a cesspool that is the most sought after for simple operation. All impurities fall into a deep pit. When it is filled to 2/3, it must be cleaned. Still there is a variant of its transfer, but we will talk about this below.
The size of the cesspool can be 1.5 × 1.5 meters, and the depth is up to two meters.
To strengthen the future walls use several optimal options. For example, you can take boards, pretreated with antiseptic, concrete rings, brick, barrel without a bottom or old tires. It is necessary to take care of removing impurities from the cesspool.
If brickwork is used, the brick is put in staggered order, and the last six rows are stacked all-round. If the backlash-closet is equipped, then an excellent sealing of the pit is necessary. Therefore, the screed is poured on the bottom, or it is simply covered with rubble. If a brick cesspool is made, a concrete overlay is poured on top. To do this, formwork is made of blocks and boards. After hardening of the concrete, the frame must be dismantled.
It is extremely important to leave a hole for the toilet, as well as for ventilation. Moreover, an additional hole is needed for pumping feces.
If you do not want to constantly clean the pit, you can fall asleep, and move the house to another location. After several displacements, it can be returned to its original location, and rotted waste can be used to fertilize the beds.
Buy ready or build yourself
Today there are a large number of ready-made lodges for the toilet. To a large extent, everything will depend on your financial situation and the amount of free time.
If you still decide to build a toilet yourself, then there are several ways. For example, brick. A reliable construction will be obtained, but it is necessary to provide a good foundation outside the cesspool for it. Most often in the suburban areas you can find a house made of wood. For its construction it is better to use beams 50 × 60 mm.
As for the support frame, its base must be strong enough and reliable, because it will be located the entire structure above the cesspool. For this reason, it is better to use a bar 100 × 100 mm. Before installation, it must be treated with antiseptic, which will increase its performance.
As an antiseptic, some use molten bitumen in a 1: 1 ratio!
Installation of the frame can be carried out on a tape or columnar foundation. In some cases, where possible, it is installed simply on the ground. To make a waterproofing, a strip of ruberoid is laid between the foundation layer and the ground. Several anchor bolts are fixed to the base of the foundation. They will protect the structure from overturning the house in case of a strong gusty wind.
When the frame is installed on the ground, the vertical frame struts are buried in the ground for 30 cm. A board with a thickness of 40 mm is densely laid on top of the finished frame. A wide variety of materials are used for wall cladding, for example, lining or OSB plate.
If the cladding is carried out from the inside, then the walls can be insulated with mineral wool or polystyrene. In the frame itself, transverse bars at a height of approximately 500 mm should be provided. They are necessary for fixing the plane of the toilet seat. As a roof, different materials can be used, such as slate or tile. Its bias will be formed based on the height of the front and rear posts.
Ventilation is needed to remove unpleasant odors from the cesspool. For this reason, it is necessary to provide a hole in the toilet design. For this, a sewage plastic pipe Ø 100 mm is used. It can be fixed with a metal clip to the back wall of the toilet. The pipe itself should be at least 15-20 cm in the cesspool. The height of the pipe will be 20 cm above the roof plane. To improve the draft, a nozzle-deflector is installed on the end of the pipe.
Lighting
Do lighting in this room or not - your own business. To save light in the daytime, you can make a small window in the door. So, the whole day in the toilet will be natural lighting. Some decide to install a small window on one of the walls, under the roof. In this case, it can be glazed, or simply fix the mesh. There is also the option of connecting wall lights or LED lights. They are connected to the battery. This must be taken care of before the finishing works.
If you encounter any problem in the process of its construction, then ask us your questions.
Video: construction of a powder-closet in the suburban area
A photo
Drawings and diagrams
