Decorative stone belongs to the number of materials that are in demand in modern construction, used for internal and exterior finish living rooms. It is characterized by strength, resistance to moisture and low temperatures, unpretentiousness in maintenance, attractiveness of appearance. Facing material will look great in a country house, and in an ordinary apartment. True, it should be properly selected and perform a quality styling. Actually, how the decorative decoration of walls with the use of decorative (artificial or natural) stone is carried out, and this article will be discussed.
Decorative stone and its history
Interior finish brick house facing material in modern finishing works is in great demand, and this is due to the excellent operational and aesthetic characteristics of the material. The history of creating the material is interesting.
For the first time, a stone for finishing surfaces appeared in ancient Egypt, when there were Egyptian tombs. Then it was applied to the walls by hand, and then painted, creating a complete imitation of natural material. Under the influence of sunlight, the paint gradually faded, making it more like an element of natural origin.
In the 16th century, the procedure for fabricating the material became more complicated, because the components of its components included stone powder and glue solution. Adhesive composition was then obtained from vegetable and animal glues, and the components of the future glue were well kneaded to obtain a quality glue mixture.
Popularity in the construction of artificial stone was due to the nobility of the material forms, its unpretentiousness and ease of application. Already in the middle of the 19th century it was widely used in the building environment as an excellent variant of decor. The rapid spread of this cladding at that time was observed in North America and the European continent. The material was often used for finishing columns, balustrades and other decorative elements inside residential buildings. In the West, this element of decoration was used for the thorough restoration of architectural monuments. One of the typical examples of facing stone are fragments of London's Buckingham Palace. This residence belongs to the royal family, but in spite of this, artificial decoration material was applied to the cladding of its elements.
The very name of the artificial stone does not quite reflect its true origin. Its production is carried out using natural ingredients, sand and clay, elements of the volcanoes, perlite and pumice. The name of the material is due to the fact that it does not form independently, under natural conditions, but by mixing certain components, giving the mixture the desired shape and subsequent burning.
In the modern sense, the material has a natural and artificial origin. In the main, in finishing works, an element of artificial production is applied. It appeared several decades ago and could quickly become a worthy substitute for a natural and more expensive wild stone.
Types of decorative stones
Laying of decorative facing on the wall is carried out after the material has been picked up in the building shop. Now buyers of finishing materials are offered a wide range of facing stones.
Each species has its own characteristics, but the most popular are materials made on the basis of the following components:
- Gypsum. Such elements can not withstand a high level of humidity, so they should not be used in bathrooms where the humidity is too high.
- Cement solution. Artificial stones made of cement, characterized by moisture resistance, and therefore they can be used for finishing surfaces in the kitchen or in the bathroom.
In general, there is a basic classification of the facing decor. It is divided into artificial and natural (natural).
Artificial
The history of design and decoration of premises demonstrates that the use of artificial stone was started a little later than natural. Decorative facing, made by artificial way, allows to approach the finishing tasks in a complex way. Wild stone, sharpened by nature itself, at an expensive price, so not everyone has the opportunity to use it in finishing works. That is why its artificial analogue for walls has found such a demand in society.
Externally, the material differs little from the natural, besides its basis is made up of natural and non-hazardous components for human health. The cost of the material is lower compared to natural stone, and for a variety of textures and colors, the artificial variant in many respects surpasses the natural analogue.
When facing the walls of the house with a decorative stone, do not apply glue immediately to the entire wall, as it dries quickly and a proper connection to the wall may not occur. The best option is gradual cladding, when glue covers only 1 m 2 of the wall area, and then it is laid on.
To work with decorative finishing stones is very simple, the technique of their gluing to the surface is simple, and can be performed even by a non-professional. The material is successfully used to create zonal plots in the kitchen or in another room.
Natural
Previously, natural stone was used for beautiful decoration of wall surfaces inside or outside the house. True, its high cost did not always give the average man the opportunity to make such a luxurious finish.
Demand was used for granite or marble. And today such materials are used in finishing works, however, much less often. A stone of natural origin can often be found in the decoration of some parts of the kitchens, and there are several reasons for this:
- Long service life;
- High impact strength of the material;
- Good resistance to temperature changes;
- Beautiful and chic appearance of the stone;
- Ecological cleanliness of the material.
A natural stone can be used to cover not only the walls, but also the floor. However, in this case, in addition, it is necessary to equip the heating system, since the stone does not have good thermal insulation characteristics.
Selection of glue
Separate attention should be paid to the question of what to glue fake diamond. To date, in the building environment, two types of adhesives are proposed for fixing decorative artificial stone:
- With a base of gypsum;
- With a base of cement.
Among the most popular adhesive compositions for artificial stone facing, you can distinguish Ceresit CM11. However, it is suitable only for gluing the finishing material inside the room. If the cladding will be glued from the outside, it is better to select the composition of CM117 or CM17. The glue on a stone is packed by manufacturers in a paper container on which information on what kind of work it is intended is necessarily indicated. The consumer should be prepared for the fact that the price for glue for artificial stone glued from the outside will be higher than the one used for interior finishing work.
Two more brands of glue, Knauf or Perlfix, are in great demand when choosing the formulations for fixing decorative stones. Both these types of glutinous mortar are suitable for fixing decorative gypsum stone on the walls. With their help, you can attach an artificial stone to a tree. There is also an adhesive for artificial stone for domestic works of other brands, cheaper in value.
True, experts advise not to take inexpensive glue, because it will not give guarantees of good fixation of the material.
How to glue
The decorative surface of the decorative surface, as a rule, has unevenness, which significantly complicates the process of laying. In the usual way, using a level, as happens when tiling the walls, leveling the plane with the decorative stone will not be easy. And for this reason, when dealing with the issue of how to glue an artificial stone, one should be aware of the need for preliminary and careful leveling of the surface to be faced.
The process of leveling the walls before they are finished with an artificial or natural decorative stone is carried out by plastering the surface, or finishing it with plasterboard. Before you paste an artificial stone on gypsum board, the walls must necessarily be primed, as this procedure increases the adhesion properties of adhesive solutions to the surface.
Solve the question of how to glue an artificial stone on a wall is not so difficult. It is necessary only to adhere to a certain technology. The surface before the beginning of the finish is cleaned of dust, covered with a layer of primer, and then with the help of a comb spatula, glue is applied to it. The decorative stone is pressed lightly directly into this adhesive solution. But the main difficulty is not even laying. An inexperienced master is very difficult to make a decorative corner stone and butt welds on the surface. These two aspects will be given special attention.
- The corners of the room can be formed using decorative stones in two ways. The first of these is to produce a stone laying by means of banding the corners in the process brickwork. In this version, there is a need for cutting the stone at an angle of 45 ºC. This method of facing the corners, although simple, but not very attractive to the townsfolk because of the poor quality of the resulting cladding.
- If quality is important for you, we recommend that you give preference to the second method of forming corners that does not involve cutting the stone at any angle. The advantage of this option lies in the fact that with the appearance of some errors, they can be easily hidden with a putty compound. If necessary, a pigment, in a color similar to that of a decorative stone, is added to the puttying solution. Solve the problem of what to paste an artificial stone made on the basis of cement, it will be a little more complicated. Here error sealing is performed stucco mixture or a special adhesive solution for tiles. If there is a texture on the surface of the lining material, then it can be reconstructed if necessary water-based paint. As for grouting joints when laying an artificial facing stone, in most cases it is not made, since the trowel strongly damages the appearance of the decorative material.
These are all tools that you can use when stacking.
Inside the house
Having decided on what to glue an artificial stone, and also having correctly formed the corners in the room, you can proceed to the execution of the main facing technology, which looks like this:
Outside the house
The exterior decoration of the walls of the facade of the house with a decorative stone has its own peculiarities. In addition to the need to use glue for natural stone for outdoor work in the street lining, further reinforcement of the coating and the use of cement mortar instead of polymer glue for fixing the cladding elements are also necessary. An example will be shown below.
Reinforcement of decorative stone facings helps to prolong the life of the cladding. This procedure is carried out by about 85% of lovers of stone decor. The basis of the reinforcement is the same adhesive solution applied over the lining material with a thin layer using a flat spatula. On the whole surface, the composition is already distributed with a notched trowel 6 * 6. In this adhesive layer, it is necessary to dump the reinforcing mesh approximately 1/3 of the depth of the solution. Apply a reinforcing layer is recommended gradually. Here it is worth noting that the direct sunlight on newly created stone slabs will negatively affect their quality. And therefore, it is necessary to obscure the stone surface when carrying out facing works in sunny weather.
The use of cement mortar is an important condition when laying the plinth and the outer parts of the walls of the house with a decorative stone. In addition to high strength cement allows you to save money. The gluing of the material with cement can be made directly on the plastered surface. At the same time, it is first cleaned of dirt, slightly moistened, covering with a layer of a priming solution.
Adhering to the simple rules and techniques of applying decorative stone described above, it is possible to achieve a high-quality and durable lining inside or outside the residential building.
The use of decorative stone does not have strict limitations. A variety of shapes, textures, shades, high operational and physical characteristics allow it to be used for both internal and external finishing. These qualities are especially appreciated in the facing of the walls. The main thing is to make the right choice of material and observe the rules of its attachment.
Types of decorative stone
The material can be of artificial and natural origin. Natural decorative stone, which includes marble, onyx and others, is distinguished by a large weight and high cost. Not every wall can withstand such a cladding. Therefore, most often for finishing use artificial stone on gypsum or cement basis.
Gypsum tiles do not tolerate moisture and are not recommended for use in toilets and kitchens. A stone with a cement base, on the contrary, will be an excellent choice for these premises. Wall cladding is usually done with a medium-sized stone simulating a brick or slate.
Selecting supplies
Finishing with cement-based stone is carried out with a glue solution containing cement in its composition, and on gypsum stone - with mastic, tile glue, cement-sand composition. Adhesive PVA is suitable for facing plasterboard and wooden walls. The surface of the wood before the gluing of the stone is treated with an antiseptic.
The color of grout for seams is selected under the shade of the stone. Monolithic finish is obtained using a shale decorative stone. Tiles are covered with acrylic impregnation or varnish with water base. This protects the material from negative effects, improves its decorativeness.
Gypsum plasterboard and wallpapered wallpapering
To glue this facing material on the wallpaper is not recommended. First, the walls are trimmed with a stone, and then the wallpaper is pasted. Slabs of side rows are glued so that they overlap the wallpaper by no more than 2 cm. If the walls are already covered with wallpaper, some of the canvases are trimmed with stone.
Gypsum plasterboard walls are capable of withstanding loads from 10 to 60 kg per 1 m 2. This allows you to paste on them decorative stone slabs, which are characterized by low weight. For the reliability of fastening, many experts recommend reinforcing the structure with reinforcing mesh. Especially when the load per 1 m 2 will be from 30 kg or more.
Preparation of walls and mixing of the solution
Decorative stone glue only on the prepared base. The walls should be smooth, solid and durable. From their surface, remove the old coating, cleaning it to the base. This applies to particles of dust, dirt, traces of various solutions and oil stains.
The walls are plastered, plastered and primed. If the work is carried out in the summer, when the temperature rises above +30 degrees, the walls are wetted with water. Plates on the inside are also better primed. This increases their degree of adhesion to the ground.
The adhesive solution is prepared in accordance with the instructions. It is grasped fast enough, so mix it better in small portions, given that the consumption per 1 m2 of stone is about 6 kg. If the glue is prepared from a dry mixture, uniformity is achieved by using an electric drill.
Masonry order
Rectangular slabs are glued in rows, oval ones in random order. Elements of non-standard form are first laid out in the desired pattern on the floor. This allows you to transfer it to the wall surface.
Plates of different sizes should be alternated, changing the sequence in each row. To form the masonry effect, using elements of the same size, the first tile of the second row is trimmed. This achieves a mismatch between the seams between the rows. Cut the plates with a hacksaw or a stool.
Begin to lay stones can be on top and bottom. If the wall is faced all over the height, glue the elements better from the ceiling. In this case, the trimmed tiles will be at the bottom and will not catch your eye.
Pasting decorative stone
Glue with a flat spatula spread on the wall and a thin layer on the back side of the decorative element. Form small sides on the sides of the tiles and additionally apply a solution pointwise. The tiles are pressed against the wall, leveled by the building level.
To keep the stone stronger, it is slightly knocked kiyankoy. The adhesive should be removed immediately. To do this, you can use a damp sponge or rags. Most solutions in a frozen form can be removed without any trace.
These actions are repeated with each element, laying out the entire wall or its separate site. Corner plates are cut at an acute angle.
The final stage is grouting joints. They are filled with a confectionery syringe or a special bag. On top, the stone is varnished or impregnated.
Video: How to glue decorative stone on walls
Stacking of decorative stone with your own hands. To lining the artificial stone facades and interior was reliable, you should adhere to a certain styling technology.
Ways of laying a stone on a wall Installation of an artificial facing stone is made in one of two ways: with a bar and without a bar.
Installation of a stone with a screed Tiles fit with a gap of about a centimeter. Between the stones laid thin slats, or, we have a sale, a seam lock. After laying the latches (racks) are removed. Stacking the stone with the basting takes more time than laying without basting, but the lined surface looks more presentable. After the glue hardens, the seams are rubbed with a special grout for the seams of the chosen color.
Mounting of a stone without a shank When laying a decorative stone without seams, the tiles are located close to each other. The glue is applied only on the reverse side of the stone. Allowed to protrude the adhesive into the clearances. It provides additional sealing. The glue protruding outwards is removed by the trowel. The installation of a stone without an embankment is faster, although the consumption of the finishing material is slightly increased.
Determine the total area of the cladding. It is necessary to multiply the length of the wall by the height and subtract the area of windows, doors and niches.
Measure the height of the outer and inner corners. The perimeter meter of corner elements covers approximately 0,25-0,30 sq.m.
Obtain the obtained yardage from the total area.
Surface preparation. An artificial facing stone can be mounted on any substrate: brick, wood, metal, particle board, concrete, plaster, plasterboard, etc. The surface must be smooth, dry, free from old paint, not crumbling.
Laying of the facing stone on the plaster. Before laying, check the surface for peeling by tapping. If necessary, beat off the exfoliated layer and apply a new one, Wait for it to dry. You can lay the stone no earlier than 2 hours after the plaster has dried.
Stacking of decorative stone on brick and concrete blocks. If the walls are lined with brick, you need to clean and zashpatlevat sutures, smooth out uneven areas. When working with silicate brick, foam and gas blocks on the surface, apply a cement-lime mortar layer of 1-2 cm. After drying, the surface is primed.
Laying of artificial stone on concrete. The concrete base is subject to shrinkage, so after pouring the structure before the start decorative finishes must pass at least six months. Concrete is cleaned of dust, removes traces of visible contaminants. Too smooth surface should be rubbed with a hard metal brush to give it a roughness. This will increase the strength of the installation.
Laying stone on gypsum board. Lay tiles can only be on a dense basis with a good load-bearing capacity - old and loose sheets will not cope with this load. Drywall is primed and completely dry. In this case, a clear film should form on the surface of the sheets. After that you can proceed with the installation.
Mounting of stone on chipboard. You can only lap artificial stone with a moisture-resistant chipboard. Ordinary deformed. On the rigidly fixed surface it is desirable to fix reinforcing galvanized mesh. For installation on the chipboard, a highly elastic adhesive is recommended.
Mounting stone on metal and wood. From the surface remove the rust, shavings, old paint, and all that can reduce the strength of the laying, On the ground fixing screws, put the glass and reinforcing plaster mesh. On top of the reinforcing layer, apply glue.
Mounting on mineral wool, foam, and other heaters. Any loose insulation must be closed plaster mesh and plaster. After drying by priming with a composition of deep penetration.
Artificial decorative stone is stacked in several stages.
Application of adhesive layer. Work is better performed at a temperature above +5. Spread the adhesive on the surface with a spatula. Do not rush and cover the glue immediately the entire surface, as it quickly freezes.
Stone laying. It is necessary to firmly hold the element to the surface and hold for about 20-30 seconds. The glue is squeezed out along the perimeter, which makes the liner more tight. To trim the tiles, you can use the Bulgarian. Some masters pre-mark the surface, but you can do the usual level. By the way, small departures from perfect alignment, can give clutch an extra naturalness. A matter of fantasy.
Grout joints. When laying the tiles under the casing, the seams between the elements are filled with grout for seams. Sometimes the sutures are shaped into semicircular slats, which are pressed into the joints, and after setting the seam is removed. When installing without a joint, the joints are formed after the glue is seated with a wooden spatula.
Coating with protective compound. The last stage is masonry processing. To do this, you can use water repellents. Particular attention is paid to the processing of corners and areas with the risk of permanent exposure to moisture. Hydrophobization will prolong the life of the decorative stone and preserve its original appearance.
Varieties of decorative stone, positive and negative sides of the material, advice on the design of rooms for different purposes, technology laying on the surface.
The content of the article:
Decorative stone is, in fact, a concrete finishing material based on mineral knitting elements (cement, gypsum, etc.), imitating the shape, structure and color of natural stone. The construction market is saturated with various types of artificial stone, and it is sometimes difficult to determine which one to use. In order not to interfere with the choice, we suggest familiarizing yourself with the properties of popular types of this finishing material and the technology of their laying on the wall.
Advantages and disadvantages of decorative stone for walls
This finishing material appeared on the domestic construction market recently, when people began to build massively out-of-town mansions.
In addition to the beautiful appearance, the forgery has other advantages:
- Decorative stone on the wall is cheaper than natural for an order of magnitude.
- The material is very durable, and it is impossible to damage it accidentally, because the structure is uniform throughout the depth.
- Artificial stone is much lighter than natural, and before the wall is finished, the reinforcement of the foundation is not required.
- The decorative stone has one side - flat, and the tiles have regular geometric shapes, which makes it easier to create a level masonry.
- At finishing works, ease of processing and compliance in sawing is appreciated.
- For relax installation works manufacturers produce corners inside and outside stones, as well as samples with different cutting options.
- Artificial material can be decorated with a variety of surfaces - wooden, concrete, brick, etc.
- Samples can decorate walls in rooms of any purpose, because they are not afraid of fungus and mold, sunlight and temperature differences.
- The material has little water absorption, so stones often adorn the walls of the bathroom and the shower.
- Artificial stone is naturally combined with different types of finishing materials and looks good in any interior.
- There is a huge assortment of products on the market, which is different in texture, color and can satisfy every user.
- Decorative stone is difficult to distinguish from the natural.
- If the tiles are damaged, it is easy to replace or restore.
- The material is distinguished by antistatic properties - the surface repels dust and grease. Caring for a stone is simple: wipe the problem areas with a clean cloth moistened with detergent. Can be brushed.
- Artificial stone is made from environmentally friendly components and does not release hazardous substances during operation.
- The material is easy to transport due to its light weight and proper geometric shapes.
The decorative coating is whiter than susceptible to sunlight, moisture, temperature fluctuations, than natural materials, but it can preserve its appearance for several decades. But if you know in advance the characteristics of each type of stone, you can find him an application in a room where the shortcomings will not be visible.
The main varieties of artificial stone for walls
Modern technologies allow creating artificial construction Materials, which are externally difficult to distinguish from natural ones. Compositions of decorative stones of different types are different, so each sample has its own properties.
Porcelain tiles
The composition of the tile includes clay, feldspar and components to give the desired shade. In manufacturing, the material is first compressed and then fired at high temperature. Thanks to this technology, the coating does not absorb moisture and can withstand severe frosts.
The characteristics of porcelain tiles are suitable for covering external walls and ventilated facades. Inside, tiles cover the walls of wet rooms - bathrooms, showers. From other materials differs in the same color and structure throughout the cross section of the sample.
The material is made in the form of tiles with different geometric shapes. If you cut it, you can see the streaks and speckles, as well as the natural stone, but they are arranged in orderly by area. On this basis, the decorative stone is distinguished from the natural. The porcelain is made of glossy or matte, polished, with different texture. The material is well tolerated by temperature changes, but chemicals can damage the surface.
For tiling partitions inside the premises use a tile with a size of at least 30x30 cm and a thickness of 8 mm. External walls are faced with thick tiles 14 mm thick.
Agglomerates
They are made of filler (quartz sand, crumb granite or other rock) and binder (polyester resin). For coloring add special pigments. Finished samples can not be distinguished from slate, marble and other natural stone. The properties of the product depend on the filler.
Quartz agglomerates are popular among users. Quartz crumb gives the stone a special strength, the resin provides elasticity, resulting in samples that are harder than granite. Used quartz agglomerate for external finishing overlapping.
Articles of concrete and gypsum
The most common decorative building materials - from cement, sand, gypsum and various additives. Thanks to modern technology, the samples acquire special strength. Very popular is the facing of walls with a decorative stone of concrete and gypsum inside the premises.
Common in stones of concrete and gypsum is the method of manufacturing by pouring into molds, but the performance characteristics are different:
- Stone from gypsum is processed with a hand tool, concrete samples are cut with a Bulgarian.
- Gypsum elements weigh 2 times less than cement. The finest gypsum samples weigh 5 kg / m 2 against 9-10 kg of concrete. A small weight allows you to fasten gypseous stones on gipsokartonnyh sheets.
- Concrete stones are usually smooth, they are also used for exterior decoration of walls, unlike gypsum products.
- Stand gypsum stones at 10-15% cheaper than concrete.
- Covered with a protective waterproof layer, gypsum stones are called gypsum-gum stones.
- If you impregnate artificial stones with acrylic lacquer, you will get acrylic stones that do not absorb moisture and are protected from pollution.
Features of a choice of a decorative stone for furnish of walls
The combination of a large number of positive properties of the stone allows it to be used in any premises. But this material - visually heavy, reduces the comfort of the room, if applied without restriction. To harmonize the interior, study the recommendations for mounting this simulator.
Decorative stone reduces lighting, and if you do not take measures, the room will turn out gloomy. The problem is solved by setting up additional lamps and alternating stone areas with light wallpaper or plaster. Because of problems with light exposure, it is not recommended to trim a narrow room with a stone, where it is already bad with light.
In the bedroom, the stone is used to create an interior in the style of Provence, because the rough surface is typical for the country style. It looks good stone wall at the head of the bed - immediately stands out the main place of the room. Another option is to decorate with a tile a part of the wall in the place where the TV is installed. A large pebble on the partitions turns the room into an original bedroom, and a wall made of this material with an artificial fireplace increases the comfort of the room.
Decorating the kitchen walls with decorative stone is used to create an "apron" before washing, separating the dining area or erecting vintage walls.
The bathroom is finished with a stone because of the water repellent properties of the artificial material. Bright stones with different texture look good here. In the bathroom, it is not necessary to finish all the walls, it is enough to decorate separate areas - a mirror, a washbasin, a shower room. You can use medieval motifs. Bathroom will be luxurious, if you choose a marble or granite tile.
The most successful decorative stone fits into the interior of the hallway. This is the most visited room in the house. The room is characterized by a large number doorways, blank walls are not always there. Because of the small size in the hallway, it is not recommended to trim all the walls with a stone. Good looks decorative wall stone in the hallway in various combinations with other finishing materials: coquina with small impregnations of corals along with coarse cleavage; stone wall of any texture plus stretch ceiling; A combination of coarse stones with smooth tiles.
The most popular option is stones and painted walls. In this case, it is necessary to select the color of the wall so that it looks harmoniously in the interior. The surface of the stone looks good in combination with living luxuriant vegetation, glass or metal with good lighting. In the hallway, the surface of the stones is often covered with matt or semi-matt acrylic lacquer to protect against accidental damage.
No winter garden is built without stone walls. In this room, the main factors are good lighting and the right colors of the stone:
- Rough light stones emphasize the airiness of the winter garden.
- If the drawings on the mills and the floor echo - it will be a stylish interesting room.
- Light stone walls in combination with brown window frames increase the coziness of the winter garden.
Technology of decoration of walls with decorative stone
Decorating the walls with a decorative stone is performed in several stages. These are simple processes that differ little from decorating the walls with tiles. Consider the main points of the technology of laying the stone.
Preparatory work before the installation of an artificial stone
For the convenience of laying the stone and obtaining a beautiful surface, the base wall is carefully prepared. Preliminary treatment of the wall is as follows:
- Clean the wall from old plaster, dust.
- Consider the location of electrical wires, sockets, switches and other electrical accessories.
- Check the flatness of the base wall, which should be less than 0.2 mm / m. It is not recommended to lay smooth stones on an uneven plane, this can affect the appearance of the coating.
- If the stones are rough, of different shapes and sizes, the unevenness of the wall is leveled by the texture of the building material. But the protruding tubercles should still be stifled.
- Depressions and cracks deeper than 5 cm deep seal plaster. After rough processing, the entire wall is leveled with putty.
- If necessary, level the entire wall or parts of the plaster with the reinforcement mesh laid. The more carefully the wall is refined, the easier it is to mount.
- The ideal solution for wall leveling is gypsum board lining.
- After finishing the surface in one plane, primer the wall with a solution designed for processing the material from which the partition is built.
Lay out the stones on the floor and create a pattern that you plan to create on the wall. Thus, it is possible to detect non-standard samples and rearrange them into inconspicuous places.
With all the variety of artificial tiles, there is one way to fix it - on glue. A properly prepared solution will fix the stone for a long time.
Decorative stone is fixed with a special tool for such building materials. To prepare the solution, the powder is poured into the water while mixing the mixture with a mixer. The proportions of powder and water are given in the instructions for glue. Adhesive solutions are used to fix heavy and bulky stones.
Usually in the instructions to the means for fixing building materials, it is described how to glue the decorative stone on the walls. To fix the tiles are used and other substances - liquid nails (for small samples), glue for ceramic tiles, cement-sand mortar with the addition of PVA glue.
Stacking a decorative stone on a wall
Decorative stone is advantageous for its simplicity of laying. Use our tips to properly fix the material to the wall:
- Inexperienced builders before work mark the wall with the help of beacons and cord. Lighthouses are special stones at the corners of the wall, to which the cord is attached in a horizontal plane to create a base surface.
- When laying a decorative stone on the wall, the upper end of the tile should coincide with the tensioned cord. The glue is applied to the wall with a spatula with a comb for the entire length of one row. Begin laying the tiles from the corner, using one of three methods: special corner stones that cost more than conventional samples, but the angle turns out to be beautiful and built quickly; The tile can be overlapped if the texture of the stone allows; The ends of the tile are cut by the Bulgarian at an angle of 45 degrees, the joints are beautiful, but the laying times are increased.
- After forming the angle to the wall, glue the rest of the stones, pressing them against the already fixed elements. The stones are trimmed to size by cutting off excess parts of the Bulgarian. The glue that is displaced by the samples must be quickly removed, otherwise it will damage the appearance of the coating.
- To obtain a uniform joint between the tiles, crosses are installed.
- After fixing the first row, the beacons with the cord are lifted for gluing the next. The upper row is glued after the previous one has dried.
- It does not matter where to start gluing the tile - from above or from below, the strength of the masonry and the quality of the surface will not deteriorate. But if you start from the bottom, the glue can get on the already fixed tile.
- Some tiles must be placed with displacement, for example, samples that simulate a brick wall.
- After 2 days the glue dries, and it is possible to seal the gaps between the tiles. To do this, use cement-adhesive mastic or putty.
- When detecting chips, cracks and other defects, they are masked using an airbrush. A solution for masking defects is prepared from acrylic lacquer, water and color additive.
- In some cases, the stones are covered with a protective layer, for example, a water-repellent if the work was done in the bathroom.
Decorative stone is not intended for continuous wall finishing, but it looks spectacular in combination with other types of coatings and in the allocation of functional zones. Correctly selected and placed on the walls of materials can turn a room into a refined space.
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- Let's Get Ready
- The finishing touch
Many are racking their brains over how to transform their homes, add style and personality to them. Decorating the walls with a decorative stone - perfect solution of this issue. Such a transformation looks impressive, and is combined with almost any style. However, it is necessary to approach responsibly to the choice of the color and structure of the decorative stone, as well as the place it will occupy in the room. Finishing can occupy, as the whole wall as a whole, and part of the wall. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the area that it was decided to fill. It looks good dark stone, laid out areas, against the background of light-colored walls in a room of large size. Filling the whole wall, you can select a certain zone.
Decorating the walls with a decorative stone is a great way to transform a house, to impart an interior style and personality.
Also it will be necessary to take care of the lighting, because at its lack, the room will look too dark. Modern technology allows you to use a variety of types of lighting: lED Strip Light, fixtures, searchlights. Spoil the interior of a stone placed in a narrow or too small room. Visually, it will become even more humble and unsightly, even with a good light. If you still decided to transform your interior, we'll get to work.
Before laying a stone on the surface of the wall, it is recommended to lay the material on a horizontal surface.
So, you will need:
1. Putty knife or trowel.
2. A bucket or any other deep container.
3. Bulgarian with a disc for concrete.
4. Liquid nails or tile glue (for attaching decorative stone).
5. Strips of gypsum board or fiberboard (with preservation of seams).
6. Putty or grout.
7. Building level.
8. The special paint is the same color as the stone.
9. Varnish.
10. Hydrophobic composition for stone processing.
Preparation of the working surface
Specialists engaged in laying decorative stones, use standard sets of tools that are necessary for work. Their work and small tricks come only afterwards, with experience, and each specialist in laying decorative stones, they are their own.
It is necessary to prepare well the wall, on which the styling will be done. To do this, it must be cleaned of dirt and dust and aligned with plaster. However, it makes no sense to make absolutely an even basis for laying, since the front part of the stone has irregularities in itself. Plastering the wall is better together with the reinforcement of the building mesh, especially when using wild stone. You can also resort to plasterboard, with the thickness of the sheet should be at least 12.5 mm, it needs to be strengthened in three transverse lines. In any case, the base should be strong.
Before you lay, the stone itself should be prepared. To do this, it must be cleaned of possible contamination with a metal brush, in the presence of irregularities or blisters, use an angle grinder. If used, you need to work as hard as possible on its back surface. If there is a need to cut a stone, use a Bulgarian with a disc for concrete. It is necessary to try, that the constituent elements for each row of packing should be approximately the same size.
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Let's Get Ready
After the surface has been prepared, a sketch should be outlined.
When developing it, you need to consider the way in which the styling will be done, namely with the formation of a seam or butt.
Further, it is necessary to determine the lower boundary along which the first row of stone will pass. To do this, use the building level. If between the floor or the skirting board and the lower boundary of the laying remains to 1 cm, this gap can be filled with a grout and painted under the color of the decorative stone.
Before you dilute the glue, make sure that everything is prepared, because after 20 minutes it will start to freeze.
To fix the decorative stone use liquid nails or tile glue. When using drywall, it is necessary to select the glue especially carefully. It is desirable to perforate the cardboard. This technology will allow the stone to become more reliable on the surface. Before you dilute the glue, make sure that everything is prepared, because after 20 minutes it will start to freeze. You can start 2 hours after priming the base. Using a spatula with a comb, you must apply the adhesive solution to the wall. Begin laying from the bottom row and from the corner elements. This part of the decoration is given special attention. if the row is not respected, the appearance of the entire finish as a whole suffers, the upper edge may turn out to be uneven.
The stone should be laid out depending on the size, texture and color gamut. The most correct option is the alternation of elements. This is necessary in order to avoid placing in the same line the same height or width of the elements.
If you choose the option of laying back and forth, it is enough to put the stone against the wall and slightly scroll it, slightly pressing into the surface. It is important to ensure that a thin layer of glue fills the connections, but in no case gets on the front surface. This kind of decoration is suitable for decorating building facades, fenders, and other street elements.
Technology with preservation of the seam is designed for wall lining in the room. For this purpose, special materials are laid between the rows, the choice of which depends on the desired result. This can be a strip of drywall or fiberboard of the same width, crosses for tiles made of plastic. If wild stone is used, the strip of cardboard may be of different widths. This allows you to align the rows . However, it is important to know the measure, too wide a seam looks not aesthetically pleasing, the effect of a "torn stone" is created. It is desirable that its width is not more than 10 mm.