Wood is, as a rule, the most economical and absolutely environmentally friendly material. Being the most natural and natural building material, the tree creates a very positive atmosphere and a favorable microclimate for human habitation. For this reason, inside the wooden cottages do not always produce a finish.
The most common tree species for the construction of the cottage are pine, spruce and larch. Each of the rocks has its own characteristics and they need to be taken into account when building a house, referring to the nature of the terrain and the climatic features of the region. Cottages from pine can be found more often because the trunk of this tree is more straight and less knotty.
Wood has a very good thermal insulation, although less than many progressive thermal insulation materials, but in addition to insulate such walls, as a rule, do not need. Finishing outside of wooden cottages is usually done to protect against external factors. And it is no accident, because to the negative sides of the material include an increased level of flammability, susceptibility to decay, and cracking of logs during drying. To reduce the negativity of these properties, special processing of the structure is required, which still does not solve the problems by 100%. Due to the presence of moisture in the trunks of trees, one can live in a wooden house only after a time, waiting for the shrinkage and shrinkage of the logs to occur.
This type of material is more expensive in production, and therefore a house built of brick will not be cheap. However, such a construction will be very strong and durable. Brick - quite heavy and dense material, which means that under it you need to bring a strong foundation, as well as the fact that the house will need to be insulated in connection with the high thermal conductivity of the walls.
The brick has a high degree of resistance to atmospheric phenomena, it is chemically and biologically stable, as a result of which there is no need to additionally cover the erected walls. In addition, this strength of the material allows the brick cottage to stand up to a hundred years.
This material is used for houses such as monolithic houses and houses with fixed formwork. The strength characteristics of such structures are higher even in bricks and concrete walls have a lower thermal conductivity, which makes them thinner than the latter by about 20%. Provided that the technology is strictly observed, cast-in-situ concrete structures are very durable, their service life can reach up to two hundred years. In connection with the relatively high thermal conductivity of the material, the construction of iron-concrete should be insulated as well as brick. As options for insulation can be used sandwich technology or construction of walls with non-removable formwork.
These varieties of building material initially have increased thermal insulation characteristics, since they were specially developed for this purpose. The construction of foam or aerated concrete will be cheaper than that of brick or monolithic reinforced concrete, but also resistant to chemical, biological and thermal effects. A small exception is direct contact with moisture at low temperatures. Such a phenomenon, let's say, is quite common, so the walls of foam concrete are always covered with facade material.
Important properties resulting from the porous nature of the material are relatively small strength and lightness. These characteristics force to strengthen parts of the construction carrying a large weight and to refuse to use heavy overlap. However, it also follows from the fact that when building a house of foam concrete, there is no need to use a massive and very solid foundation.
The construction of a country cottage is a great alternative in all respects:
Compared with the apartment - it's more comfort, independence and personal space. In addition, according to statistics, life expectancy in a country cottage is on average 5 years more than in high-rise buildings.
Compared with the finished house - this is a great savings and confidence. The construction of cottages costs 20% cheaper than buying. Moreover, you probably know, with the use of what materials and technologies was erected your house.
Compared to the townhouse - this is traditionally a larger area, the freedom to choose the layout, basic and finishing materials.
The sphere of competence of the specialists of the architectural and construction company Rizalita includes the following basic areas of activity:
Construction of brick houses
Brick - a universal building material, used in standard burnt form from the XVI century. The popularity of cottages made of brick is determined by a number of advantages.
Strength or the maximum load per 1 sq. cm of masonry. By this indicator, a brick can be compared with a stone. For the construction of houses in most cases, the brand M100 is used. This brick is capable of withstanding loads up to 100 kg per 1 sq. Cm.
Durability. If the brick houses are built in accordance with GOSTs and SNiPs, then their service life ranges from 100 to 150 years.
Frost resistance - ability to withstand a certain number of cycles of alternate freezing / thawing. At a brick this indicator high enough - a minimum of 15 cycles.
Ecological compatibility. To produce the material, only natural ingredients are used - sand and clay.
Fire resistance. Thanks to this property, fireplaces and stoves can adjoin the brick walls, and it is much easier to conceal the wiring harness.
Resistance to atmospheric and biological factors. Houses made of bricks are not destroyed under the influence of precipitation and are reliably protected from the formation of fungus and mold, since this material is not a nutrient medium for various microorganisms.
Wide possibilities of design and creation of design. From a brick it is possible to create architectural forms in any stylistics due to the possibility of easy processing, cutting.
Construction of houses from foam blocks
For the Russian market penoblok is a relatively new material. Although for the first time the characteristics of the production of foam concrete became known in the 1920s, the material was used only in the 21st century. However, already today it is from the foam blocks that about 20% of the total number of buildings have been erected.
Penoblock - inexpensive, but high-quality building material. It is characterized by ease of processing and has excellent performance:
- thermal insulation - 3 times higher than in full-bricks;
- sound insulation - a noise reduction of at least 60 dB (for comparison, this corresponds to street noise of large cities and buzz in the busy shopping area);
- frost-resistance - 50 cycles and above;
- refractoriness - up to 5-7 hours under unilateral action of fire;
- strength - from 3,5 to 5 MPa or from 9 to 90 kg per 1 sq. cm;
- lightness - almost three times lighter than blocks made of expanded clay, which significantly reduces transportation costs, labor intensity of work and the cost of the foundation.
Exterior decoration for the house of foam blocks is mandatory, as, however, for a brick or aerated concrete cottage. However, if for a brick structure in the vast majority of cases an expensive facing brick is used, a variety of materials can be used to decorate the foam block facade - from siding to the same facing brick. Although the latter is not appropriate to use, as all the basic qualities of erecting a house from a foam block are lost - budget and efficiency. The construction itself takes on extra weight, which forces us to initially build a more complex and expensive foundation.
It is most expedient to use a tile for a brick - the material is quite inexpensive, it is easy to fit onto the glue and assumes a wide variety of textures and colors. With a wall thickness of 500 mm and a seam of 5 mm, it is possible to minimize cold bridges, which reduces heat conduction and helps to keep heat inside the house. Also, the strength of the house from the foam block increases.
Construction of houses made of aerated concrete
Aerated concrete for today is the most modern and civilized material for the construction of a cottage. In addition to ease of work, ease of installation, convenient internal and external finishing, it is distinguished by the following properties:
Ease of density change. This parameter varies in the range of 200-1200 kg / m3. With a decrease in density, the gas-block acts not only as an effective insulator, but also as a full-fledged solid material for the construction of a cottage.
Light weight combined with high strength. At a density of 600 kg / m3 it has three times less weight compared to a silicate brick. The block size of 600x250x200 mm can replace 17 bricks that weigh 60 kg. At the same time, the mass of the gas unit itself is 18 kg.
High heat-insulating and heat-accumulating properties. If you compare the same parameters with the brick, the house of gas silicate will have an advantage of 3-5 times. The house made of aerated concrete does not need additional thermal insulation, which allows saving on its device.
Ecological compatibility. The material does not rot and does not age, it does not release harmful substances into the atmosphere. Complies with the international eco-standard ISO.
High resistance to combustion and corrosion. The material can be exposed to an open flame up to 7 hours, which is why it is a good protection for metal structures. It can not be dissolved in water.
Houses made of aerated concrete - reliable investment of funds. You will get a building that outperforms others by its characteristics, in addition, you can be sure of its strength and durability.
The company "Rizalita" carries out the construction of cottages made of bricks, foam blocks and aerated concrete Ytong and hebel blocks turnkey in the most popular segments of the market.
An important aspect during the construction work was and still is the choice of material for the erection of walls and partitions. Technologies used in construction do not stand still, constantly changing and improving. This not only improves the quality of materials and increases their range, but also allows consumers to purchase goods for their financial capabilities.
What should be considered when choosing a wall material for the construction of a cottage.
Quality products are characterized by such indicators as: fire safety, thermal conductivity, strength and heat capacity. The presence of all these characteristics determines not only the price of products, but also its durability, and the comfort of further use. That's why the material for the walls should be selected at the initial stage of the cottage design. This approach will provide an opportunity to correctly calculate the necessary amount of materials and time that will be required for the construction of walls. For example, the choice as a material for the walls of large blocks will accelerate the process of erection 3-4 times as compared to brickwork.
The construction of the cottage depends on the climatic conditions and the number of floors of the building. We made sure that you did not waste your time on all these numerous calculations. You can now familiarize yourself with the costs that will be waiting for you when building a house from various materials, whether it is wood, expanded clay concrete or solid brick. To do this, you just need to look into the article "Of what to build. Prices ».