Building. It was Mikhail Andreevich Suslov. The biography of this man is inextricably linked with the history of the most powerful and invincible power in the world - the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

From father to son

The future party leader was born on November 21, 1902. Khvalynsky district, the village of Shakhovskoye is the birthplace of Mikhail Andreevich Suslov. The family of Andrei Andreevich, Mikhail's father, was very poor. Due to the lack of his own farm, M. A. Suslov’s father was forced to work part-time in the oil fields of Azerbaijan. Being an active and energetic person, Andrei Andreevich, in 1916, having assembled an artel of carpentry and carpentry craftsmen, moved to Arkhangelsk. His family followed him to the banks of the Northern Dvina. It was there, in northern Russia, that the Suslovs learned about the October Revolution and soon returned to their native village. Returning to his homeland, Mikhail Andreevich’s father joined the Bolshevik Party and subsequently was engaged in party and ideological work in the Khvalynsky district committee and city council. The further fate of M. A. Suslov’s father and family members is unknown. Unreliable sources of information report tragic events in the Suslov family. In 1920, after a typhus epidemic, two children died, and the party ideologist is silent in his biographical memoirs about what happened to the two surviving brothers and sisters. It is only known that M. A. Suslov’s mother lived to be ninety years old.

Komsomol activist

Following his father, Mikhail Andreevich Suslov joined social and political activities in 1918. His biography begins with the Committee of the Poor in the village of Shakhovskoye, where a sixteen-year-old teenager joins at the behest of his heart, having barely received primary education. After joining the Komsomol organization in 1920, the young man’s revolutionary activity became more noticeable. On his initiative, a rural Komsomol cell was created, which he soon headed. It was during this period that his organizational and ideological qualities were revealed. The report “On the personal life of a Komsomol member,” prepared for a meeting of Komsomol activists, revealed the dogmatic style of thinking of the young author. The lecturer in an edifying manner outlined to the young people present the rules of behavior and moral values that a Komsomol member should observe. By decision of the meeting, this “moral code” was approved and recommended for distribution in other Komsomol cells.

Moving to Moscow

1921 becomes a turning point for a nineteen-year-old man. On the recommendation of the Komsomol organization, M. A. Suslov joined the ranks of the Communist Party, and soon, on a ticket from the local organization of members of the CPSU (b), he went to Moscow to study at the Prechistensky Workers' Faculty. In 1924, M. A. Suslov entered the Institute of National Economy, now the Russian Economic University. Plekhanov, where he combines academic studies with vigorous political activity, being an active member of the party organization of a higher educational institution. The young man’s political activity and extraordinary abilities allow him to engage in teaching activities. As a student he teaches at the capital's technical school of the chemical industry. Having completed his studies at the capital’s university in 1928, Mikhail Andreevich continued his career growth at the newly created Moscow Economic Institute of Red Professors, which was intended to train new party intelligentsia. Subsequently, the “red professor” Mikhail Andreevich Suslov, whose biography in the 20s was closely connected with teaching, taught students the basics of political economy. Moscow University, Moscow Industrial Academy, Moscow Institute of Economy. G.V. Plekhanov is far from a complete track record of the young scientist’s teaching activities.

It was during the period of teaching activity of M. A. Suslov in 1929-1930 at the Industrial Academy that he met the secretary of the party committee of this higher educational institution N. S. Khrushchev and I. (Stalin’s) wife Nadezhda Alliluyeva, who two years later would commit suicide at unclear circumstances. However, there was no close acquaintance with the future party leader of the Soviet Union, N. S. Khrushchev. This will happen later, at the end of the 40s, when Mikhail Andreevich Suslov entered the elite of the country's party nomenklatura.

Mikhail Andreevich Suslov: biography of the 30s

In the spring of 1931, M. A. Suslov was transferred to the Control Commission of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and the People's Commissariat of the Workers' and Peasants' Inspectorate, abbreviated as TsKK-RKI, where he reviewed the personal files of Bolshevik Party members, monitored violations of party discipline of his colleagues, and also filed appeals to expel them from members of the CPSU(b). It should be noted that he coped with his duties perfectly, causing fear in the party nomenklatura. The efforts of the vigilant communist did not go unnoticed, and soon, in 1934, M. A. Suslov headed the Party Control Commission under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR.

Conductor of Stalin's terror

A wave of numerous repressions in Rostov-on-Don and the Rostov region occurred in 1937-1938. It was during this period that the party organization of the region was headed by M. A. Suslov, being the second secretary of the regional party committee. The very fact that there is not a single party organizer left at the enterprises of the region testifies to many things. Those promoted from the “Stakhanovite” ranks were honored. A striking example is the miner who headed the coal enterprises of the Rostov region. The destruction of the regional party activists opened the way for Mikhail Andreevich to higher party heights. In 1939, Suslov headed the party headquarters of the Stavropol Territory, which allowed him to easily enter the highest echelon of power. A nominee from the Stavropol Regional Committee becomes a member of the Central Audit Commission of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

War and post-war years

The war came to Stavropol in 1942. After the capture of Rostov-on-Don, Hitler's goal was the North Caucasus. The main task of the party for M. A. Suslov was the creation of a partisan movement, which he handled very well, heading the regional headquarters of the partisan movement. After the liberation of most of the territory of the Soviet Union, the country needed experienced party leaders. Thus, the further fate of M. A. Suslov is inextricably linked with the restoration and development of the socialist system:

1944 - Chairman of the Committee of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks for Lithuania.
1947 - Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.
1949-1950 - editor-in-chief of the newspaper of the CPSU Central Committee "Pravda".
1952 - Member of the Presidium of the Central Committee.
1952-1982 - member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee.

The main party ideologist died on January 25, 1982, nine months before the death of L. I. Brezhnev. At that time, he was one of the oldest leaders of the highest echelon of the party.

Mikhail Andreevich Suslov: personal life of a party member

During the years of so-called stagnation, it was not customary to talk about the personal lives of the country's party bosses. Mikhail Andreevich Suslov was no exception. The family of the country's main ideologist consisted of three people:

Wife - Kotyleva (Suslova) Elizaveta Aleksandrovna (b. 1903), died in 1972.
Children: son Revoliy Mikhailovich (b. 1929) and daughter Maya Mikhailovna.

Suslov Revoliy Mikhailovich, major general for radar, headed the scientific center of radio-electronic systems in Moscow for more than 15 years. The daughter of M. A. Suslov, Sumarokova M. M. moved with her family to Austria, where she still lives.

You write that the communists are traitors and betrayed us, people don’t understand. The CPSU as a party in its entirety betrayed the country and did not fight for it. And this still doesn’t REACH people! Fantastic. They all love the USSR. The only country in the world in which almost all the children and grandchildren of the leaders live abroad!

Stalin's daughter Svetlana renounced Soviet citizenship and lived in America until her death. She preferred staying in a nursing home to life in the Russian Federation. Stalin's granddaughter - Chris Evans. She is 40 years old, lives in Portland, and owns a vintage store.

US citizen Sergei Khrushchev visits Moscow on visits, mainly to the presentations of his books and the funerals of his relatives.
Nikita Sergeevich’s great-granddaughter, Nina Lvovna Khrushcheva, teaches at the Faculty of International Relations at New School University in New York.

The granddaughter of the Chairman of the KGB of the USSR and the General Secretary of the CPSU Yuri Andropov, Tatyana Igorevna Andropova, taught choreography in Miami. Her brother Konstantin Igorevich Andropov also lives there, in the USA.

Leonid Ilyich's great-grandson on his son's side, Dmitry, is now studying political science at Oxford University. Leonid Brezhnev’s niece, Lyubov Yakovlevna, also lives in California.

The daughter of the main ideologist of late communism, the ascetic Mikhail Suslov, Maya Mikhailovna Sumarokova, has lived in Austria with her husband and two sons since 1990.

Gorbachev's daughter Irina Virganskaya lives mainly in San Francisco, where the main office of the Gorbachev Foundation is located, where she works as vice president.

It is surprising that all the passionate admirers of the cult of the USSR do not notice or do not want to notice one simple historical pattern. Not a single descendant of top US leaders moved for permanent residence either to the Soviet Union or to modern Putin's Russia. But the descendants of almost all Soviet leaders, with the exception of Lenin, who has no descendants, and Chernenko, who led the country for less than a year, live and work in Western countries. ...

Reviews

Don’t you think that those who betrayed their homeland for the money of the United States and its satellites have left? Why should top US leaders go to the USSR if they have a lot of money that you can’t spend in the USSR?

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Where do the descendants of the Kremlin leaders live today?

Under their leadership, the country moved by leaps and bounds towards a bright communist future, not for itself (they never dreamed of themselves), for their children and grandchildren... Where do the descendants of our Soviet leaders live now, who offered everyone to sacrifice themselves for the sake of future descendants.

After the collapse of the communist experiment, the descendants of its builders did not go to China, North Korea or Cuba to complete the implementation of the Great Dream.They all moved to normal countries, the EU and the USA.

Which shows the true attitude towards the values of the “special path” in the families of those who promoted it.But some of the subjects left to the mercy of fate still run through the streets with icons of Stalin...

This is Stalin's granddaughter - Chris Evans. She is 40 years old, lives in Portland, and owns a vintage store.

"U.S. Citizen Sergei Khrushchev visits Moscow on short visits, mainly at presentations of his books and funerals of his relatives.

Great-granddaughter of Nikita Sergeevich, Nina Lvovna Khrushcheva, teaches in the Department of International Relations at New School University in New York.

The granddaughter of the Chairman of the KGB of the USSR and the General Secretary of the CPSU Yuri Andropov taught choreography in Miami, Tatyana Igorevna Andropova. Her brother also lives there, in the USA. Konstantin Igorevich Andropov.

Leonid Ilyich's great-grandson on his son's side, Dmitry, is now studying political science at Oxford University.

Leonid Brezhnev’s niece also lives in California - Lyubov Yakovlevna.

Daughter of the main ideologist of late communism, ascetic Mikhail Suslov, Maya Mikhailovna Sumarokova, has lived in Austria with her husband and two sons since 1990.

The horrors of repressions and executions, the Gulag and the Holodomor - it was all for the sake of a bright communist future.

Under the leadership of the Bolsheviks and Soviet leaders, the country took leaps and bounds towards a bright communist future - not for itself (they didn’t dream of it), for its children and grandchildren. But the descendants of these leaders, who proposed that everyone sacrifice themselves for the sake of future generations, prefer to live and live in the West (in “decaying” Europe and “damned” America).

The main figure in this epic, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, had no children. But look at the geography of settlement of the scions of the Bolshevik-communist elite, including also the contemporaries of the post-Soviet society, the families of current deputies and ministers.

After the collapse of the communist experiment, the descendants of its builders did not go to China, North Korea or Cuba to complete the implementation of the Great Dream. They all moved to normal countries, the EU and the USA.

Stalin's son Vasily died at the age of 40. Daughter Svetlana, in 1966 in friendly India, came to the American embassy and asked for political asylum. In 1970, she married an American and changed her name to Lana Peters. Chris Evans gave birth to a daughter.

In 1984, she came to the USSR and restored Soviet citizenship, but 2 years later she renounced it for the second time and returned to the USA. The older children, son and daughter, whom she abandoned in the USSR after her escape, never found a common language with their mother.

In 2008, in one of her rare television interviews with a Russian journalist, Svetlana refused to speak Russian, citing the fact that she is not Russian: her father is Georgian, and her mother is half German, half Gypsy. She died in 2011 in the USA, her body was cremated. It is unknown where the ashes of Stalin's only daughter are buried. Stalin's granddaughter Chris Evans lives in the USA, does not understand Russian and works in a clothing store.

Stalin's granddaughter - Chris Evans. She is 40 years old, lives in Portland, and owns a vintage store.

The son of Nikita Khrushchev, Sergei Khrushchev, was awarded the Star of the Hero of Socialist Labor and the title of Lenin Prize laureate, has lived in the USA since 1991, and received American citizenship.

America also became a home for Nina Khrushcheva, the great-granddaughter of Nikita Khrushchev through his eldest son Leonid, the circumstances of whose death historians still argue about.

The son of the former first secretary of the CPSU Central Committee Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, Sergei Nikitich Khrushchev, went to Brown University (USA) in 1991 to lecture on the history of the Cold War, in which he now specializes. Remained a permanent resident in the United States, currently lives in Providence, Rhode Island, and has American citizenship. He is a professor at the Thomas Watson Institute of International Studies at Brown University.

Nikita Sergeevich’s great-granddaughter, Nina Lvovna Khrushcheva, teaches at the Faculty of International Relations at New School University in New York.

Choreography teacher in Miami, granddaughter of the Chairman of the KGB of the USSR and General Secretary of the CPSU Yuri Andropov - Tatyana Igorevna Andropova. Her brother, Konstantin Igorevich Andropov, lives there in the USA.

The great-grandsons of Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev on his son’s side, Dmitry Andreevich and Leonid Andreevich, graduated from Oxford University.

The niece of Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, Lyubov Yakovlevna Brezhneva, lives in California.

The daughter of the main ideologist of late communism, the ascetic Mikhail Suslov, Maya Mikhailovna Sumarokova, has lived in Austria with her husband and two sons since 1990.

Gorbachev's daughter, Irina Virganskaya, lives mainly in San Francisco, where the main office of the Gorbachev Foundation, of which she is vice president, is located.

Irina Virganskaya admitted in an interview that she could easily imagine herself outside of Russia. She often travels around the world. The German press wrote that the former president of the USSR has a castle in the Bavarian Alps (he himself denies this). Mikhail Sergeevich’s eldest granddaughter, Ksenia Pyrchenko (Virganskaya), lives in Germany. “I have many friends in Berlin, and I feel free in Germany,” she told a German journalist.

As we see, all the children of the leaders of the USSR chose to live abroad. None of them lives in the house that they built (their fathers and grandfathers built it). Apparently they built this house for us, and not for themselves. This is such a “communist paradise” from which everyone is leaving.

Having lived for almost 80 years, by his very appearance he seemed to preserve time, remaining an adherent of the unchanged long-skirted drape coat, astrakhan pie hat and old-fashioned rubber galoshes with a scarlet flannelette lining. Arriving at a Politburo meeting, he carefully placed his galoshes under the hanger, and everyone who came knew that the galoshes were there, which meant Mikhail Andreevich had arrived. And one day, for some reason, he took off his galoshes before getting into the car and leaving for work. Caring guards set up a post near them. In the evening, Mikhail Andreevich got out of the limousine, put on his galoshes and entered the house.

He could not stand driving a car at speeds over 40 kilometers per hour. Officials rushing to work tried to get through before Suslov's limousine pulled out onto the Rublevo-Uspenskoye Highway. Like many other Politburo colleagues, he loved volleyball and dominoes. When I went for a walk, I made sure to pick up all the twigs and branches that fell from the tree and put them in neat piles. If I saw mushrooms along the way, I picked them up too. I was angry with the dacha commandant when the workers painting the fence touched the bird cherry bushes. At the same time, he referred to Lenin, who, according to legend, fired his commandant for such an attitude towards plants. At Kremlin receptions and banquets, when approaching the table with drinks, he carefully took a glass of juice with two fingers and specified what kind of juice it contained. Didn't drink alcohol at all.

Once in the Stavropol region, one nurse from the regional hospital said that she was caring for the wife of Mikhail Andreevich Suslov - then he held the position of first secretary of the Stavropol regional party committee. According to the nurse, Mikhail Andreevich’s wife was a kind and pretty woman. And, leaving the hospital, she said: “You saved me, literally pulled me out of the other world. If you ever need my help, come and call. I will try to help you. I am in your debt." And in fact, she really helped many people in difficult life situations.

Suslova's wife, Elizaveta Alekseevna, was a doctor, candidate of medical sciences, and during the war she actively worked in military hospitals. She died in 1972. Sumarokov’s daughter Maya Mikhailovna is a Doctor of Historical Sciences in the field of Balkan studies. Granddaughter - Elena. She graduated, of course, from MGIMO University of the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs and married the son of the then famous international journalist Melor Sturua - Andrey.

M.A. Suslov, who died on January 26, 1982, was buried on Red Square near the Kremlin wall, the funeral was broadcast throughout the Soviet Union. Three days of mourning were declared.

And the mackintosh of a member of the Politburo, secretary of the CPSU Central Committee, deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, twice Hero of Socialist Labor Mikhail Andreevich Suslov - a leader of the communist party, the Soviet state and the international communist movement is kept in the Khvalynsky Museum of the Ulyanovsk region. According to the description: “Classic cut mackintosh: single-breasted with three button fastening; The sleeve is sewn in, barely narrowed at the bottom. English collar. Two lower side welt pockets are located vertically along the hem. The color is beige-gray, slightly faded. Passed on in 1982 by M.A. Suslov’s daughter, Maya Mikhailovna Sumarokova.”

All these everyday details from the memories of former close associates would not have been of public interest if not for the scale of the position of the second person in the party, and therefore in the state, which he held for many years.

His contemporaries recalled how Mikhail Andreevich twisted his feet in a special way when walking and cracked his fingers, like the famous literary character Alexei Karenin, whose temperament and demeanor were strikingly similar to the main ideologist of the CPSU. And he was also compared with the non-fictional main ideologist of the Russian Empire - Konstantin Petrovich Pobedonostsev. Or maybe this is a genetic trait of “zealots” and “guardians”, necessary to maintain the mechanisms of imperial spirituality and its specific intellectual activity in good condition?

One way or another, Suslov, like his historical predecessors, performed these functions with the maximum efficiency possible for the circumstances offered by history. Not only by him, of course, but with his direct participation, and subsequently under his direct leadership, a comprehensive system of ideological control (and not only control, but, perhaps, ideological existence) was built, which was in many ways an essential characteristic of the system.

What was the “ideological work” that Mikhail Andreevich supervised? Formally, this is the third group of tasks in the hierarchy of the management system that operated in Soviet times. The party-state managed the economy, placed personnel, maintained the administrative and repressive apparatus, and the armed forces in working order. “Ideology” according to the staffing table was assigned to the “third secretary”. But this was only a formal distribution.

For ideology, or rather, for the gaps on this front, they asked, first of all, from the “first”, but the “first” was rarely allowed to interpret “issues of theory” and formulate ideological assessments. Until 1953, this was the indisputable prerogative of the leader. Afterwards - for 30 years - this was done by specially trained priests, the main one among whom was the man who occupied a difficult corner office on the fifth floor of building number 4 on Old Square. Then these apartments were occupied successively by Yuri Andropov, Konstantin Chernenko, Mikhail Gorbachev, and after the August 1991 revolution - by Gennady Burbulis, who bore the title of “gray eminence” under early Yeltsin.

Anyone who was a member of the party or Komsomol will easily remember the ideological absurdities of that time - the boredom of political education, the casuistry of formulations, and the open discrepancy between slogans and reality. But the ideological apparatus of the Central Committee, which may seem strange today, was a motley conglomerate of adherents of the most diverse scientific and political views; philosophers and political scientists of the most diverse views coexisted in it.

In our opinion today, the implanted party education, political education and other ideological techniques of the apparatus headed by Suslov were worthless and did not seem to bring any benefit to society. However, one cannot help but notice something else - after all, even information planted like potatoes still remained information, that is, whatever one may say, a cultural factor. And whether you like it or not, some amount of knowledge about what was happening was deposited in the heads of the masses.

And society paradoxically owes the vigorous political activity at the turn of the 80s and 90s to the forced introduction of political knowledge, which was carried out by the system of party political education. And the post-Soviet feeling of ideological vacuum, which was by no means compensated by the artificial search for a national idea in the mid-90s, makes itself felt today.